THE BOTANICAL REGISTER: OR, ORNAMENTAL FLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERY. CONSISTING OF COLOURED FIGURES OF PLANTS AND SHRUBS, CULTIVATED IN BRITISH GARDENS; Wistorp, West Method of Treatment in Cultibation, Propagation, Ye. THE DESIGNS BY SYDENHAM EDWARDS, AND OTHERS, VOL. XIV. —viret semper nec fronde caducá Carpitur. LONDON: JAMES RIDGWAY, 169, PICCADILLY. M.DCCC.XXVIIT, AM. ] j | Y us " 3 2.2 -— N N | 4 » ^ "Nee sais. A AAA V— ——Ó d m s AD 7 $ e Ez á > E VOTERS 1131 » RENANTHERA coccinea. Scarlet Air- Plant. ———— GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. Oncuipgx. $ Vandee Lindl. RENANTHERA Lour.—Pollinia duo postic? biloba ; caudiculá medio constrict’, non elastica, glandulá triangulari. .— Anthera terminalis, oper- cularis, decidua, unilocularis, posticé bivalvis. Stigma subrotundum cavum ; rostello obtuso. — Columna aptera, libera, margine anteriore super stig- mate inflexo. Labellum nanum, sessile, liberum, cum columna articulatum, 3-lobum basi. saccatum, lobis lateralibus erectis. Sepala patentia, sub- eequalia, basi distincta, unguiculata, spatulata, undulata. Epiphyta (Chi- nensis) caulescens, radicans, ramosa. Folia carnosa, avenia. Flores magni, paniculati. R. coécinea. Loureiro Flora cochinchinensis 2. p. 521. ° | Caulis longus, sep? 8-10 is, radicibus paucis longis, tortuosis, super arbores v. saxa , teres, foliosus, basi foliorum vestigiis „> vaginatus, paululum ramosus. Folia carnosa, disticha, avenia, plana, apice obliqua, emarginata, atroviridia, sublucida, 4-5 wncias longa. Pa- nicule laterales, late, multiflore, 24 pedes longe, ramis teretibus, duris. Bractee breves, ovate, subcorrugate. Ovarium cum pedunculo brevi continuum, pallide coccineum, 6-sulcatum. Sepala patentia, basi libera, non imbricata, carnosa; 3 superiora linearia, erecta, intermedio majore spatulato, coccinea, maculis luteis nubilis fasciata; 2 inferiora lj un- cialia superioribus longiora, dependentia, collateralia unguiculata, lanceo- lata, obtusa, medio abrupt? undulata, coccinea, fasciis quibusdam obscuris pallidioribus. Labellum manum, 3 lineas tantum longum, saccatum, cum columná articulatum, trilobum, lobis lateralibus. erectis, truncatis, luteis, coccineo marginatis et vittatis, intermedio lingueformi, reflexo, coccineo, bast luteo ; sacco conico, obtuso, intàs luteo, glabro, extis coccineo punctato, fauce utrinque calloso. Columna coccinea, semiteres, labelli longitudine, aptera, antic? lutea vittata, margine anteriore super stigmate inflexo. Stigma exca- vatum, subrotundum. Anthera terminalis, opercularis, atrococcinea, obtusa, unilocularis, postice semibivalvis. Pollinia duo, reniformia, postice biloba, glandulà triangulari, caudiculà diaphaná viz elasticá, medio constrictá. The work of the missionary Loureiro, coc in 1790, a drawing in the possession of the orticultural Society of London, and the reports of some travellers who have visited. China, have been, up to the present time, the YOL. XIV. C only evidence to Europeans of the existence of this truly magnificent plant, the beauty of whose blossoms surpasses every thing known in the vegetable world. That the Chinese suspend in baskets from the ceilings of their rooms several of the tribe of plants to which this belongs, some for the sake of their fine flowers, and some on account oftheir delightful fragrance, is familar to every one. Many, if not all, of this description, have been intro- duced from time to time; and a few have flowered with us. Among those which bid defiance to the skill of the cultivator, has long been recognised a species, introduced sometime previous to 1817, with long leafy stems, some- times attaining the height of 8 or 10 feet, and fleshy, vein- less leaves; it is frequently imported. from China, and is now to be found in'almost every collection of which para- . Sitical Orchidex form a part, attaching itself by means of its long tortuous roots to a damp wall, columns, or other bodies placed as its support. This is Renanthera coccinea. - The cause of previous want of success in inducing it to flower, has resided in its having been cultivated in too dry an atmosphere. Mr. Fairbairn, gardener to His Royal Highness Prince Leopold, at Claremont, impressed with this opinion, tried the effect of tying moss around the stems, and keeping it constantly damp, exposed as much as possible to the influence of the sun. With what suc- cess his experiment has been rewarded, appears from the accompanying representation of a portion of a panicle, 2+ feet long, which was finally produced in the Hothouse at Claremont, in October 1827. To Botanists it has been as little known as to the rest of the world,—almost every systematist having omitted it. And yet the language of Loureiro is far from unsatisfac- tory, allowance being made for certain peculiarities of diction. A native of woods in Cochinchina, where it.climbs over trees. Propagated without difficulty by cuttings. When in flower, the plant may be safely removed to a dwelling apartment, where the blossoms, which are very durable, will remain in perfection many weeks.’ Stem often 8 or 10 feet in length, round, leafy, slightly branched, the lower part Sheathed with the persistent bases of the leaves, pushing forth a few long, tortuous roots, by which it clings to trees or stones. Leaves fleshy, distichous, veinless, flat, obliquely emarginate at the apex, dark-green, sublucid, 4-5 inches long. Panicles lateral, loose, many-flowered, 2 feet and a half long, with hard, round branches. Bractee short, ovate, somewhat shrivelled. Qvarium continuous with the short peduncle, pale red, with 6 furrows. Sepals spreading, distinct at the base, not imbricated, fleshy, the 3 upper linear, erect, the middle one being larger and spatulate, scarlet, banded with yellow cloudy spots; the 2 /ower an inch and half in length, longer than the upper, hanging down, collateral, unguiculate, lanceolate, obtuse, abruptly undulated in the middle, scarlet, with a few obscure paler bands. Labellum dwarf, only 3 lines long, bagged, articulated with the column, 3-lobed, the lateral lobes erect, truncate, yellow, bordered and striped with scarlet, the middle one tongue- shaped, reflexed, scarlet, yellow at the base; saccus conical, obtuse, yellow and smooth inside, scarlet and dotted out- side, with the throat callous all round. Columna scarlet, half round, the length of the labellum, apterous, striped with yellow in front, its anterior margin incurved over the stigma. Stigma hollowed out, roundish. Anther terminal, opercular, dark scarlet, obtuse, one-celled, half two-valved at back. Pollen masses 2, reniform, two-lobed at back, with a triangular gland, and a diaphanous scarcely elastical caudicule, contracted in the middle. = 1132 PENTSTEMON diffusum. Spreading Pentstemon. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. SCROPHULARINER. PENTSTEMON. Supra, vol. 13. fol. 1121. P. diffusum; caule ramoso, foliis ovato-oblongis glabris ineequaliter ser- ratis, pedunculis axillaribus müultifloris, calycibus turbinatis: laciniis laceris aristatis. Douglas Journal ined. Radix perennis, repens. Caules decumbentes, radicantes, ramosi, 14-2- pedales, teretes, glabriusculi, purpurei. Folia sempervirentia, ovato-oblonga, inequaliter serrata, glabra, atroviridia; superiora serrata, inferiora in petiolum decurrentia. Pedunculi axillares, pubescentes, sepiús foliis bre- viores, apice multiflori. Bractec pubescentes, ovato-acuminate, integra. Calyx turbinatus, pubescens, laciniis patentibus, margine argute laceris, apice aristatis. Corolla purpurea, unciam longa, glabra, labio superiore retuso, inferiore trifido, laciniis rotundatis. Filamentum quintum sterile, tubi longitudine, barbatum. Capsula ovata, leviter pubescens. A beautiful hardy perennial, with evergreen leaves, and decumbent, rooting stems, by which it is readily in- creased. Native of open grounds and banks of streams in the districts around the mouth of the Columbia River, where it was found abundantly by Mr. Douglas. Our drawing was made at the Garden of the Horticultural Society in 1827. Grows freely either in common light garden soil or in the American borders, in both which situations it flowers in the utmost profusion from June till its growth is arrested by frost. Root perennial, creeping. . Stems decumbent, root- ing, branched, 13 to 2 feet high, round, smoothish, purple. Leaves evergreen, ovate-oblong, unequally ser- rated, smooth, deep green; the upper serrated, the lower decurrent on the petiole. - Peduncles axillary, pubescent, generally shorter than the leaves, many-flowered at the apex. Bractee pubescent, ovate-acuminate, entire. Calyx turbinate, pubescent; the segments spreading, finely lacerated at the edge, aristate at the point. Corolla purple, an inch long, smooth; the upper lip retuse, the lower trifid, with rounded segments. Fifth filament sterile, the length of the tube, bearded. Capsule ovate, slightly pubescent. . J. L. 1133 BAUHINIA cumanensis. Cumana Bauhinia. nn DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Nat. ord. Lesumınosz. $ Cesalpiniee. BAUHINIA Linn. Sepala 5, irregulariter concreta in calycem 5-fidum aut lateraliter fissum membranaceum. Petala 5, patula, oblonga, subin- sequalia, superiore à ceteris sæpè distante. Stamina 10, nunc 9 sterilia monadelpha, decimo libero antherifero, nunc ima basi monadelpha omnia aut 5 v. 3 fertilia. Ovarium pedicellatum longum. Legumen 1-loculare 2.valve polyspermum. Semina compressa, ovalia, endopleurá tumidä. Embryo rectus, radiculá ovata, cotyledonibus planis. Frutices. Folia biloba, nempe constantia foliolis duobus apici petioli sitis 2-5-nerviis, nunc omnino liberis, nunc omnind concretis, sepids plùs minis margine interiori nerviformi connatis in sinu aristatis. Flores racemosi. Decand. prodr. 2. p. 512 § Caulotretus. Stamina 10 omnia fertilia et libera petalis sep? breviora. Calyx ventricosus 5-dentatus sub-bilobus. Ovarium sessile. Caules sepe scandentes compressi. Flores albi aut flavicantes. Dec. 1. c. B. cumanensis; caule sarmentoso, ramulis glabris, foliis basi cordatis subtüs pubescentibus, foliolis membranaceis ovatis subacutis 4-nerviis ad me- dium concretis, racemis terminalibus solitariis interdüm bifidis vel cir- rhiferis. Dec. l. c. B. cumanensis. Humb. et Kunth. nov. gen. 6. p. 321. - B. scandens Americana. Linn. sp. ed. 2. p. 535. fide Candollii. , Caulis compressus, scandens, junior subpilosus. Folia basi cordata, ad medium v. ultra biloba, lobis divaricatis, acutis, 4-venüs, suprà glabris, subtüs pallidis, pubescentibus. Racemi oppositifolii, pauciflori, foliis bre- viores. Pedicelli calycesque rufo-pubescentes. Petala alba, erecta, pubes- centia, subequalia, basi rubro punctata. Stamina 10, libera, equalia, fertilia, calyce breviora. Ovarium sessile, tomentosum. A tender twining stove plant, with handsome foliage and inconspicuous flowers. Native of shady woods in Cumana and other parts of equinoctial America. The seeds from which the plant now represented was raised, were received from Rio Janeiro by the Comte de Vandes, in whose Hothouse at Bayswater the figure was taken, in July last. Stem compressed, scandent, when young somewhat downy. Leaves cordate at the base, two-lobed as far as the middle, or further, with divaricating, acute, 4-veined lobes, smooth above, pale and pubescent beneath. Racemes opposite the leaves, few-flowered, shorter than the leaves. Pedicels and calyxes pubescent, with rufous hairs. Petats white, erect, pubescent, nearly equal, dotted with red at the base. Stamens 10, distinct, equal, fertile, shorter than the calyx. Ovarium sessile, downy. +. de 1134 SINNINGIA villosa. Shaggy Sinningia. a —— DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. GESNERIEA, SINNINGIA. Supra, vol. 12. fol. 997. S. villosa ; caule foliisque villosis, calycibus 5-partitis ovarii longitudine, floribus aggregatis. Lindley, supra, fol. 1112. Caulis teres, crassus, carnosus, simplex, 2-pedalis, pallide viridis, vil- losus. Folia longè petiolata, oblongo-lanceolata, crenata, convexa, villosa, v. si strigosa, pallidé viridia. Flores aggregati in axillis foliorum, quibus multà breviores, breviter pedunculati, Calyx obovatus, villosus, ovarii alati longitudine, corollá multd brevior. Corolla extüs villosa, pallidé viridis, immaculata, circiter duas uncias longa. . The annexed figure illustrates a species mentioned at fol. 1112 of this work as a fourth kind of Sinningia. It will now be seen that it is totally different from the two species already figured, than which it is twice taller, and altogether less handsome. It is, however, a fine stove plant, flowering abundantly during all the summer, and growing freely in peat and loam. It requires a high temperature, and much atmospheric moisture, to succeed perfectly. A native of Brazil, whence roots were sent in 1826 to the Horticultural Society by Henry Chamberlayne, Esq. Itis increased with much difficulty by cuttings or by leaves. Stem round, thick, fleshy, simple, 2 feet high, pale green, villous. Leaves on long petioles, oblong-lanceolate, crenate, convex, villous, appearing as if strigose, pale green. Flowers aggregate in the axillee of the leaves, than which they are much shorter, on short peduncles. Calyr obovate, villous, the length of the winged ovarium, much shorter than the corolla. Corolla externally villous, pale green, not dotted, about 2 inches long. 3€ 1135 o^ PRUNUS candicans: - — Snowy Plum. ICOSANDRIA MONOGY NI A. Nat. ord. Rosacex. $ Drupacee. PRUNUS. Supra, vol. 2. p. 136. e P. candıcans ; pedunculis brevibus geminis ternisve ramulisque pubescenti- ‘bus, foliis ya e pit candicantibus, stipulis angustissimis den- tato-incisis longitudine petiolorum, cibus campanulatis, Seringe in Decand, prod 9. 532. Se P. candicans, Willd. enum. suppl. p. 32. “ Balbis cat. taur. 1813. p. 62.” Folia mollia, oblonga, simpliciter serrata, subtüs petiolisque pallidis, pubescentibus. Flores albi, numerosissimi, in fasciculis multifloris congesti, ramulos undique tegentes. Pedicelli calycesque pubescentes ; calycis tubus se patens, lacinie ovate, intüs tomentose. Petala oblonga, unguiculata. ructus——— i A fine hardy shrub; apparently not exceeding 5 or 6 feet in height. Its native country is unknown. It was first published by Mr. Balbis, in his Catalogue of the Turin Garden, in 1813; and in the same year its name appears in Schlechtendahl's Supplement to Willdenow's Enumera- tion of the Berlin Garden. We believe that the date of its introduction to this country is 1825, in which year plants were received from Messrs. Baumanns, nursery- men at Bollwiller, in Germany, by the Horticultural Society, in whose Garden the accompanying drawing was made, in May 1826. This will prove a valuable addition to the hardy shrubs of our country: it is quite hardy, easily cultivated, and in the spring is so laden with white blossoms as to seem a mass of snow amidst the green leaves and rosy flowers of the season. From this circumstance its name has un- doubtedly been taken, and not from any peculiar white- ness of its leaves, as Mr. Seringe appears to suppose; the under side of the leaves is not, indeed, unusually white. Leaves soft, oblong, simply serrated, beneath, and on the petioles which are pale, pubescent. Flowers white, very numerous, heaped in many-flowered fascicles, so as to cover the bearing branches. Pedicels and calyces pubescent; tube of the calyx short, spreading, segments ovate, downy inside. Petals oblong, unguiculate. Fruit unknown. Sida LEE. ( iJ 4) ) y € " m P A x VL DA Lp rte uy ‘EI £ 1136 CASTILLEJA coccinea. Vermilion-leaved Castilleja. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. SCROPHULARINEE. CASTILLEJA. Supra, fol. 925. C. coccinea ; annua, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis integris trifidisve pilosis, brac- teis pinnatifidis coloratis, calyce tubuloso tomentoso margine dilatato tubo corolle longiore, fastigio piloso. C. coccinea. Spreng. syst. 2. p. 755. Euchroma coccinea. Nutt. gen. am. 2. p. 55. Bartsia coccinea. L. sp. pl. 839. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 185. Pursh. fl. am. sept. 2. 429, Pedicularis s. cristee galli affinis virginiana Ajuge multifido folio; apicibus coccineo, floribus pallidis in spicam congestis. Pluk. Alm. t. 102. f. 5. Horminum, tenui coronopi folio, virginianum. Moris. hist. 3. p. 395. s. 11. t. 13. f. 28. Caulis annuus, decumbens, striatus, pilis longis vestitus. Folia oblonga, apice trifida v. integra, pilis longis vestita, trinervia; inferioribus sepius integris. Bractese oblongo-lanceolate, miniate, lutem, albeve, feré semper pinnatifide. Capsule oblonge, pubescentes, seminibus cuneatis, reticulatis. A pretty hardy annual, native of gravelly soil in various parts of North America. It is very abundant in upland meadows about the river Columbia, where it was found by Mr. Douglas. Seeds were sent by him to the Horticul- tural Society in 1826; and plants produced by them flowered in the open borders in July and August 1827, at which time the drawing was made. Increased by seeds, which are produced in small quan- tities, Should be grown in gravel or peat, and sand, and not in loamy soil. ; The plant as represented in the accompanying drawing varies materially from its wild state, in having its lower leaves entire and not trifid; but in other respects it agrees with the spontaneous specimens. The vermilion colouring of thé bractes is very beautiful; sometimes it varies to a lively yellow, and even to white. Stem annual, decumbent, striated, covered with long hairs. Leaves oblong, trifid at the end, or-.entire, covered with long hairs, with three nerves ; the lowest often entire. Bractee oblong, pinnatifid, scarlet, yellow, or white. Calyx tubular, with a dilated limb and retuse segments. Corolla green, pubescent; its. tube shorter than the calyx. Capsule roundish, oblong. Seeds cuneate, reticulated. J. L. | MSY f yi Metta ted erp apap 6g P oaa Mbari/ (SL Lett ae - = dia e cy 1137 CROTALARIA verrucosa. Warted Crotalaria. — M9 — DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Nat. ord. Lesumınosz. $ Lotee. CROTALARIA L. Calyx 5-lobus sub-bilabiatus, labio superiore bi-, inferiore 3-fido. Corolle vexillum cordatum magnum carina falcato-acu- minatá. Filamenta omnia connexa vaginá seepiús superne fissá. Stylus lateraliter barbato-pubescens. Legumen turgidum valvis ventricosis inflatum, sepiüs polyspermum pedicellatum. Herbe aut frutices. Folia sim- plicia aut palmatim composita, 3- aut rarissime 5-foliolata. Flores sepiús flavi. Bracteole minime secus pedicellum aut ad basin calycis. Dec. prodr. 2. 124. $ Foliis simplicibus. * Stipulis non decurrentibus, interdàm nullis, floribus racemosis, racemis terminalibus aut sitifoliis. Dec. C. verrucosa ; stipulis lunatis declinatis, foliis ovatis, ramis acuté tetragonis, racemis terminalibus, ovariis villosis. Dec. l. c. p. 125. C. verrucosa. Zinn. sp. pl. 1005. - C. ceerulea. Jacq. ic. rar. t. 144. C. angulosa. Lam. dict. 2. p. 197. Cav. ic. 4. t. 321. Caulis annuus, quadrangularis, sub-glaber, ramosus, Folia simplicia, ovata, apiculata, glabra, petiolis pubescentibus, nunc acuta, nunc obtusa ; stipule semi-ovate, lunate, reflexe. Racemi terminales, multiflori, rachi, pedicellis, calycibusque pubescentibus, apice sepius steriles. Bractee minime, subulate. Corolla cerulea. Legumen oblongum, inflatum, pilosum. A tender stove annual, native of many parts of the East Indies, and varying extremely in the size and form of its leaves, which are sometimes acute, as in the accom- panying figure, sometimes retuse at the apex, and some- times even ‘hastate. Our drawing was made many years ago, at the Nursery of Mr. Colvill. Stem erect, succulent, branched, angular, nearly smooth, about 2feethigh. Leaves simple, ovate, apiculate, smooth, with pubescent petioles, either acute or obtuse; stipules half-ovate, lunate, reflexed. Racemes terminal, many- fiowered, with the rachis, pedicels, and calyces pubescent, usually sterile at the top. Bractee very small, subulate. Corolla blue. Pod oblong, inflated, pilose. ii 1138 PENTSTEMON pulchellum. Pretty Pentstemon. — M DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. . Nat. ord. SCROPHULARINER. PENTSTEMON. Supra, vol. 13. fol. 1121. P. pulchellum; caule herbaceo pubescente, foliis sessilibus lineari-oblongis serrulatis glabris, paniculà simplici secundá, calycibus pubescentibus, corollis ventricosis subpilosis eglandulosis, palato villoso, filamento quinto barbato, staminibus tubi longitudine. Caulis erectus, ramosus, li-pedalis, leviter pubescens. Folia lineari- oblonga, serrulata, glabra, suprema sessilia, subamplexicaulia. Panicule terminales, simplices, subsecundi, pedunculis sub-bifloris, bracteis longioribus. Sepala pubescentia, subglandulosa. Corolla violacea v. lilacina, pubescens, eglandulosa, ventricosa, albo venosa, laciniis subequalibus, palato maculato, villoso. Stamina glabra, suprema tubi longitudine, quandoque exserta ; fila~ mentum quintum his equale, apice barbatum. A handsome, half-hardy perennial, native of Mexico, whence seeds were brought, in 1826, to Mr. Tate, of Sloane Street, in whose Nursery our drawing was made, in July last, by Mr. R. P. Staples, to whom the same collection owes many other valuable plants. We understand that it throve exceedingly, planted in a warm border exposed to the south. This is very near P. campanulatum, from which it differs principally in its corolla being paler, more inflated, and destitute of glands, which abound on the corolla of P. campanulatum. The leaves of this plant are also less finely toothed, not so much acuminate, and of a more oblong figure.* * [t is to be observed, that Professor Sprengel's definition of P. cam- panulatum is so erroneous, that it is to be doubted whether he can possibly have intended the true plant. VOL. XIV. D Stem erect, branched, a foot and half high, slightly pubescent. Leaves linear-oblong, serrulate, smooth, the uppermost sessile, and somewhat amplexicaul. Panicles terminal, simple, rather one-sided, with two-flowered pe- duncles, longer than the bracteze. Sepals pubescent, some- what glandular. Corolla violet or lilac, pubescent, without glands, ventricose, with white veins; segments nearly equal: palate spotted, villous. Stamens smooth, the upper- most the length of the tube, and somewhat exserted ; sterile filament the same length as these, bearded at the end. J. L. WY Tum qun f AN EN és ^: 3 | E 1139 DIOSPY RUS Mabola. The Mabola Tree. á a % POLYANDRIA MONOGY NIA. Nat. ord, EBENACEX. DIOSPYRUS. Supra, fol. 6. fol. 499. D. Mabola ; folis oblongis utrinque' acutis subtüs ramulisque sericeis, fasciculis florum racemosis multifloris, corollis dodecandris, antheris didymis. D. Mabola. Roxb. Hort. Bengh. p. 41. Cavanillea Philippensis. Desrousseaux in Encyc. méth. suppl. 3. p. 663. t. 454. Frutex orgyalis, vérosimiliter in locis natalibus arbor mediocris, parce ramosus, vix ramulosus, ligno ferreo. Rami patentes, cinerei, pubescentes. Folia alterna, oblonga, utrinque acuta; undulata, 7 uncias longa, 3 lata, atroviridia, subtüs sericea, aurolenta, petiolis crassis, semiteretibus, brevibus. Flores dioici, in fasciculis 5-7-floris, racemosis, pedunculatis ordinati, odora- tissimi. Calyx subrotundus, 4-partitus, sericeus, pedicello bracteis ovatis, sericeis, arcté appressis imbricato. Corolla monopetala, suburceolata, ochro- leuca, sericea, limbo revoluto quadrifido, laciniis ovatis, contortim imbri- catis, Stamina hypogyna, 12, distincta, tubo breviora, filamentis rigidis, filiformibus, apice furcatis, furcis anticis posticisque utráque antheriferá. Anthers connectivo carnoso, subulato, valvis linearibus, lateralibus, septulo medio distincto. Rudimentum ovarii villosum. This fine plant is the produce ofa fruit called Mabola in the Philippine Islands. It is reported to be a middle- sized tree, producing a hard, compact, excessively black, kind of ebony. The fruit is described as covered with a thick, bright brown coat, which encloses a pink or rose- coloured flesh; it is about 4 inches in diameter, and is something like a large quince. Its flavour is said to be agreeable, and its qualities wholesome; the pulp is firm and white, but the blade of a knife colours it black. The tree prefers moist stations, and resists successfully the effects of excessive heat or violent storms, It has been long cultivated in the Isle of France, whence dried speci- mens were sent to Lamarck, from which the figure and description in the Encyclopédie Méthodique were prepared. In the stove it attains the height of a man, and is valued for the beauty of its leaves and the fragrance of its flowers, which appear in the ends of the branches, in April. No means having.been yet discovered of propa- gating it, it is one of the rarest plants in our Gardens, two individuals only existing, as far as we know, in this country. Of these, one is, we believe, in His Majetsy's Garden at Kew; the other is in possession of the Horti- cultural Society, to whom it was brought from China by Mr. John Potts, in 1822. From this latter our drawing was made. From the Calcutta Catalogue, it appears to have been introduced into the Botanic Garden there, in 1811, by a Monsieur Jannet. This species is remarkable for the structure of its stamens, which are in number 12, their filaments in all appearance perfectly simple, but their anthers double; that is to say, each filament supports two subulate, 2-celled, perfectly constructed anthers, which do not stand right and left with respect to the axis of fructification, but . are placed anteriorly and posteriorly,—a singular arrange- ment, which deserves attention, but which was not remarked by M. Desrousseaux in the article already alluded to in the French Encyclopedia. | A slightly branched shrub, or small tree, producing scarcely any twigs. The branches are spreading, ash- coloured, and pubescent. The /eaves are alternate, oblong, acute at either end, with an undulated margin; they are about 7 inches long and 3 broad, dark green on the upper surface, and on the lower shew a silky texture and golden lustre; their petioles are thick, half-round; and short. The flowers are dicecious, disposed in stalked bundles, each containing 5 or 7, and are very sweet-scented. The calyx is roundish, 4-parted, silky, and its footstalk is closely covered by imbricated, silky, closely pressed bractee. The corolla is monopetalous, somewhat urceolate, pale yellow, silky, with a revolute, 4-cleft limb, the segments — ————— ————— "—————————" » of which are ovate, and imbricated at the base in a twisted manner. The stamens are inserted in a single row at the base of the ovarium; in number they are 12, not connected at the bottom, shorter than the tube of the corolla, with rigid, filiform filaments, forked at the apex, each fork bearing a single, subulate, perfect anther. The ovarium is imperfect, roundish, and silky. J.L. 1140 LUPINUS laxiflorus. Lax-flowered Lupine. DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Nat. ord. LecvM1NOSs x. LUPINUS. Supra, vol. 6. fol. 457. L. laxiflorus; perennis, herbaceus, undique pilosus, floribus subalternis ebracteolatis, calycis labio superiore integro basi saccato: inferiore lohgiore ovato acuminato, carinà imberbi, vexillo obcordato, foliolis 7-9 lineari-lanceolatis, stipulis minimis subulatis. L.laxiflorus. Douglas Journ. ined. Caules cespitosi, graciles, elongati, pilosi, purpurascentes, 1-14-pedales, basi in spontaneis suffruticosi. Folia caulina, densé pilosa, stipulis minimis, subulatis, foliolis 7-9, lineari-lanceolatis. Racemi laxi, pedunculati ; bractese subulate, longitudine pedicellorum, decidue, pilosissime. Calyces subalterni, dense pilosi, ebracteolati, labio > a ovato, basi saccato, abbreviato, inferiore ovato, acuminato. Vexillum ceruleum, obcordatum, cariná imberbi, alisque erubescentibus. LE A small, slender, perennial species, found by Mr. Douglas in dry, open, gravelly plains, about the great rapids of the River Columbia, where it is very common, forming patches of considerable extent, occasionally acquiring a suffruticose habit. The flowers are blue, mixed with pink, and, although not equal in appearance to some of the larger species, extremely beautiful : they appear in August and September. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticultural Society. Grows readily in common garden soil: it has not yet produced seeds ; but will increase by division of the root Stems tufted, slender, pilose, purplish, 1-13 foot long. Cauline leaves densely pilose ; stipule subulate, very small; leaflets 7-9, linear-lanceolate. Racemes lax, stalked; bractee subulate, the length of the pedicels, deciduous, very pilose. Calyxes somewhat alternate, densely pilose, without bracteole ; the upper lip short, ovate, entire, with a sort of bag at its base; the lower ovate, acuminate. Vexillum blue, obcordate, with the keel, which is beardless, and the wings pale rose-colour. J. Las 1141 SAGITTARIA angustifolia. Narrow-leaved Sagittaria. —— .-——— POLYANDRIA POLYGY NIA, or MONCECIA POLY ANDRI A. Nat. ord. AvisMACE&, SAGITTARIA L.— Flores moneci. -Calyx trisepalus, abbreviatus, concavus. Petala 3, membranacea, plana. 3; Stamina indefinita : ova- ria nulla. 9; Stamina nulla: ovaria indefinita in receptaculo hemi- spherico imposita. Stigmata ‘totidem simplicia. Pericarpia rostrata, monosperma, indehiscentia, marginata, —— Herbs» palustres v. natantes (totius orbis). Folia sagittata v. rarids simplicia, petiolo longo lacunoso vaginante. Scapi multiflori, lacunosi, verticillis superioribus masculis, inferioribus foemineis. Flores albi. S. angustifolia ; foliis lanceolatis vix costiveniis, scapo gracili subramoso, pedunculis filiformibus subeequalibus petalis multo longioribus ; bracteis ovatis acuminatis. a 5 3 Folia radicalia, equitantia ; petiolis 13-pedalibus, semiteretibus, sursüm attenuatis, in laminá lanceolatá, siccá costiveniä, crudá aveniá, exeuntibus. Scapus foliis paulo longior, gracilis, subramosus. Bracteee ovate, acumi- nate, pedicellis breviores. Pedicelli sili s. Flores inferiores feminei, superiores-masculi. Sepala subrotundo-ovata. Petala subrotunda, sepalis duplà longiora, multd minora quà S. lancifolive, NA Bio. $5 a — _A native of Essequebo, whence its seeds were brought to Mr. Colvill by Mr. E. Davis. A pretty stove aquatic, flowering in October. ° | | \ "This is very near the S. lancifolia of North America and the West Indies, from which it differs in having smaller flowers, and narrower, less distinctly ribbed leaves. Leaves radical, equitant; petioles a foot and half long, half round, tapering upwards, terminating in a lanceolate lamina, which when dried is ribbed, when fresh destitute of veins. Scape a little longer than the leaves, slender, slightly branched. Bractea ovate, acuminate, shorter than the pedicels. Pedicels filiform. Lower, flowers female, upper male. -Sepals roundish, ovate. Petals roundish, twice as long as the sepals, much smaller than in Sagit- taria lancifolia.. | E 1142 CENOTHERA pallida. Pale-stemmed Enothera. ovd OCTANDRIA MONOGY NIA. Nat. ord. ONAGRARIA. § Capsulares. (ENOTHERA, Supra, vol. 2. fol. 147. "Œ. pallida; perennis, glaberrima, caulibus decumbentibus subangulatis, foliis lineari-lanceolatis integerrimis dentatisque, tubo calycis ovarii longitudine, capsulä lineari-contortá falcata, radice repente. Herbacea, perennis, radicibus repentibus. Caules erecti v. decumbentes, sesquipedales, ramosi, pallidi, angulati, glabri. Folia linearia, acuminata, integerrima v. dentata, glabra, rard pinnatifida: Flores axillares, erecti, Solis longiores, primim albi, mox.rubescentes, noctu odoratissimi. Ovarium lineare, 4-sulcatum, deorsüm incrassatum, glabrum. ` Tubus calycis filiformis, ovarit longitudine. Calyx membranaceus, glaberrimus, limbo tubo dupli breviore. < Petala retusa, denticulata, calyce multo majora. Stamina petalis breviora. Anthere longe, lineares, versatiles, lutem; Capsule lineares, falcate, contorte, fibroso-lignose, caule inseparabiles nisi vi dwulse. Semina linearia, cuneata, pallide fusca, basi acuta, superficie levi. A handsome, hardy, creeping-rooted perennial, found by Mr. Douglas in the north-west of North America, where it forms a creeping-rooted straggling plant, about a foot high, growing’ among sand in all the dry country west of the Rocky Mountains. The flowers are at first white, afterwards they change to pale purple, and at night are deliciously fragrant. The species of CEnothera are, in many cases, difficult to distinguish from each other; and this difficulty is in no small degree increased by the imperfect manner in which they are often described by authors. We do not, however, conceive that the subject of this article has been before published, although it must be confessed that it bears con- siderable resemblance to the character given by Nuttall of his GS. albicaulis. But that species is described, firstly, as having the under side of the leaves, and the calyx, slightly pubescent; secondly, with a stem 3 feet high; thirdly, with the leaves occasionally subserrulate ; and, fourthly, as having middle-sized flowers and entire petals. Now in CE. pallida, the leaves and calyx are perfectly destitute of all kind of pubescence, both in the cultivated and spontaneous specimens, the stem never exceeds a foot or foot and half in height, the leaves are never subserrulate, although they are often dentate or slightly pinnatifid, the flowers can scarcely be described as middle-sized, and the petals are the reverse of entire. From Œ. pinnatifida of the same author, it is obviously distinguished by the total absence of pubescence ; and the same peculiarity divides it from Œ. speciosa, to which it has otherwise a strongly marked affinity, especially in the colour and appearance of its flowers, in its general habit, and creeping roots,—a character far from common in the genus. _ From the beautiful Œ. roseo-alba of Reichenbach, it is distinguished by the length of the tube of the calyx. Flowers from June to September. It is increased readily by its creeping roots, and also by seeds, which are produced in small quantities. It flourishes more in peat thàn in a loamy soil. | ; Stems erect or decumbent, a foot or foot and half high, branched, pallid, angular, smooth. Leaves linear, acumi- nate, entire or dentate, smooth, rarely pinnatifid. Flowers axillary, erect, longer than the leaves, at first white; after- wards pink, emitting a delicious fragrance at night. Ovarium linear, with four furrows, incrassated at the base, smooth. Tube of the calyx filiform, the length of the ovarium. Calyx membranous, quite smooth, its limb not. more than half the length of the tube. . Petals retuse, denticulate, much larger than the calyx. Stamens shorter than the petals. Anthers long, linear, versatile, yellow. Capsules linear, falcate, twisted, between fibrous and woody, inseparable from the stem unless torn off byforce. Seeds linear, cuneate, pale brown, acute at the base, with a smooth surface. J. L. hes /, 1143 TULIPA Oculus Solis ; var. Persica. Persian Sun's Eye Tulip. — Ae HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. LiutAc a E E 5 E TULIPA. Supra, vol. 2. fol. 127; et vol. 3. fol. 204. - ar NL Fe «2 ME E: : ! T. Oculus solis; integumento bulbi intús lanato, foliis 4 subciliatis caule floreque glaberrimis, labris conniventibus stigmatum villoso-fimbriatis. Ker, suprà, vol. 3. fol. 204, with the synonyms. 8. Persica ; foliis latioribus magis glaucis, perianthio maximo, integumento bulbi intús hirsuto. — — -> " We are tempted to figure this variety, not only for the sake of its great beauty and rarity, but also as a form not less remarkable for its large flowers than for its native country, and the peculiarity of the integuments of its roots. The Agen, or Sun's Eye Tulip, is singular in the genus for a deep black eye, or base to the perianthium in the inside, which is bordered by a margin of yellow interposed between it and the vermilion red of the rest of the peri- anthium : when expanded beneath the influence of a bright sun, the effect of this is surprisingly beautiful; the flowers rarely open under less favourable circumstances. Hitherto it has been only discovered wild in the south of Europe, about Agen, and the village of Brusquet in Provence. But the variety now represented having been collected by Sir Henry Willoch in Persia, and transmitted to the Horticultutál Society, another and less suspicious habitat has been discovered for it. It was received in 1826 ; and from a plant which flowered in the Chiswick Garden, in March 1827, our drawing was taken. The roots of the common European kind are densely clothed with wool beneath the outer integuments, —a pro- vision, as it would seem, by which Nature seeks to guard them from the effect of too severe cold. The Persian variety, which, it is to be presumed, has less need of pro- tection of this kind, has, in lieu of wool, a quantity of coarse hairs, forming a protection much less dense than that which exists in the European kind. May it not hence be suspected, that Persia is indeed the native land of the Tulipa Oculus solis, and that the individuals found in the places above mentioned are mere outcasts of gardens ? This should be cultivated at the foot of a wall with a southern aspect, in a warm border, consisting of light, loamy soil. M. de Candolle remarks, that T. Oculus solis differs from T. suaveolens and from T. sylvestris, in not having hairs upon either its stem or its flowers; from T. Gesne- riana in its pointed petals; and from T. Clusiana in its much larger flower, the claw of which is at least as long as the anthers, and in the arrangement of its colours. Ji L. j L^ A j (Jr FA) I» R ] Z 200 Mr. M Hat da EA VER way 16.9 Gace y rl (DA S Wa! / m MP Le [Cancel former 1144.] - 1144 LATHYRUS californicus. Californian Lathyrus. ——9——— DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Nat. ord. LeGuMINOSE. ` i LATHYRUS. L.— Calyx campanulatus, 5-fidus, lobis 2 superioribus brevioribus. Corolla papilionacea. Stamina diadelpha. Stylus com- planatus, apice dilatatus, anticé villosus aut pubescens. Legumen ob- longum, polyspermum, bivalve, 1-loculare. Semina globosa aut angulata. Herbs sæpiùs scandentes. Stipule semisagittate. Petioli apice in cirrhum ramosum abeuntes, Foliola 1-3-juga. Pedunculi axillares. De- candolle prodr. 2. 369. - - $ 1. Eulathyrus. .. Vexillum basi edentatum. Foliola opposita vel abortu nulla. Petiolus |. 1. Perennes, pedunculis multifioris. i ** Foliis multijugis. ` á L. californicus; caulibus tetragonis glabris, foliis glaucis 4-5-jugis glabris : foliolis ovato-oblongis mucronulatis, cirrho tripartito, stipulis semi- sagittatis foliolorum magnitudine, racemis foliis subeequalibus, radice repente. * L. adiliforhious: Douglas Journal ined. Radix perennis, repens. Caules procumbentes, tetragoni, glabri. Folia glauca, 4-5-juga, racemis subequalia ; foliolis ovato-oblongis, mucronulatis, subtüs. ay 00 subalternis, cirrhis brevibus, 3-partitis. Stipule semi- sagittata, ovate, foliolorum magnitudine. Racemi multiflori, foliorum longitudine, pedunculo glabro. Calyces glabri, laciniis inferioribus elongatis. Flores purpurei, eleganter venosi. Legumen oblongum, subfalcatum, in- flatum. - Semina fusca, concolora, spherica, hilo lineari. A rambling, strong-growing, creeping-rooted, handsome perennial plant, native of the north-west of North America, where it was found by Mr. Douglas.. It is common all over the country, at the outskirts of woods in the sub- alpine regions of the mountains. With us it flowers during the most of the summer, thriving freely in any soil or situation, but especially in peat among other plants. It is distinguishable from L. venosus by the large size of its stipule, the smaller number of its leaflets, and the greater length of its racemes ; and from the Siberian L. pisi- formis, by its smaller stipule, longer racemes, smooth calyxes, and differently shaped pods. L. myrtifolius, which it is also like, has narrow stipule. The L. deca- phyllus of Pursh, being, according to Nuttall, the same as Vicia stipulacea of the same author, can have nothing to do with this. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society at Chiswick, in September last. Root perennial, creeping. Stems procumbent, angular, smooth. Leaves glaucous, of 4 or 5 pair, nearly of the same length as the racemes; leaflets ovate-oblong, mu- cronulate, smooth beneath, somewhat alternate, with short, 3-parted cirrhi. Stipule semi-sagittate, broadly ovate, as large as the leaflets. Aacemes many-flowered, the length of the leaves, with a smooth peduncle. Calyxes smooth, with the lower segments much elongated. Flowers purple, elegantly veined. Pod oblong, somewhat falcate, inflated, subpubescent. Seeds fuscous, whole-coloured, spherical, with a linear hilum. J. L. rr 7 Fs 1145 AGAVE geminiflora. Twin-flowered Agave. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. AMARYLLIDEX. AGAVE L.—Perianthium superum, tubulosum infundibulare, carno- sum, limbo sexfido, laciniis erectis revolutisve. Stamina sex, exserta, summo tubo inserta. | Anthere lineares versatiles. Stylus simplex. Stigma 3-lobum dilatatum carnosum. Capsula clausa, trilocularis, polysperma. Semina nigra, nitida, plana, disticha. Plante (American) -caudice simplici, foliis imbricatis, carnosis, margine dentatis v. filamentosis ; scapo terminali, floribus herbaceis. : A. geminiflora ; foliis linearibus utrinque convexis ancipitibus patentissimis apice spinosis, scapo simplicissimo, floribus sessilibus geminis, stami- nibus longè exsertis, Spreng. syst. 2. 79. A. geminiflora. Ker in journal of science, vol. 2. p. 88. tab. 1. Yucca Boscii. ** Desfontaine's cat. hort. par." Buonapartea juncea. Schlechtendahl suppl. ad enum. hort. ber. i Littæa geminiflora. “ Tagliabue in Bibl. ital. 1. 100—111.” Haworth’s succulent plants suppl. p. 38. . Radix ramosa, paucis onusta radiculis flexuosis, colore obscuro. Caudex erectus, teres, levis, cicatricibus foliorum squamosus. Folia obscuré viridia, in orbem ad apicem caudicis congesta, sessilia, ancipitia, bast tantummodo incrassata, farcta, substriata, glabra, flaccida, mucrone osseo (sphacelato) terminata, marginibus per «tatem filamentosis. capus centralis, simplex, erectus, teres, levis, substriatus, inferne squamosus, * squamis lanceolato-dentatis, supernà multiflorus, floribus in seriem spiralem crebram interruptam | dispositis. Flores sessiles, geminati, in spicam longissimam digesti, bractea lineari - lanceolata, subeiliata, florem sub- @quante suffulti, ochroleuco viridi-violacei (viridescentes), basi cujusdam floris duabus aliis bracteolis, ovato-acutis, ciliatis, scariosis praediti. Corolla (perianthium) tubuloso-campanulata, sexangularis: limbus sexfidus, revo- lutus, laciniis lanceolatis. Filamenta erecta, laciniarum limbi basi inserta, eoque duplo longiora. Anthere versatiles, magne, oblonge ; longitudi- naliter "sulcate. | Germen (ovarium) inferum, ovatum, 6-gonum. Stylus erectus, simplex, teres, superné crassior, corolld paulo longior. Stigma inconspicuum. Capsula pore, 3-gona. Semina duplici serie in singulo loculo, semiorbicularia, plana, nitida, nigra. Ker. loc. cit. A native of South America, whence it is supposed to have been introduced to Europe about 1795. In 1815 VOL. XIV. E m. ` sr G A f l t AADRIA P Ca, imei, x 2 ARA An e ID ^d N H ü it flowered for the first time in the Garden of the Duke of Litta, at Lainate, near Milan. + That specimen had. a caudex 3 feet high, and 7 inches thick ; the leaves were 3 feet long; the flower-stem .24 feet high; and the number of flowers one thousand four hundred and eighty- two. The plant from which the annexed drawing was made blossomed in the Nursery of Mr. Joseph Knight, in November 1826: the stem was 14 feet high, and the number of flowers eight hundred and forty-six. In the Gardens both of this country and of the continent, it was, before flowering, confounded with Buonapartea juncea, a totally different plant, resembling this in nothing but the narrowness of its leaves, which are otherwise so different, that no person who possessed the slightest acquaintance with the natural affinities of plants could have fallen into the mistake. But at that time Botany was too often mere empiricism,—a stigma from which it has not yet recovered in this country. . The Botanist of artificial arrangements could do nothing without his stamens and styles: but for the student of nature, no better evidence upon this plant than the leaves afford would have been desired, to determine whether or not it was a Buona- partea. By Signor Tagliabue, who had the care of the Duke of Litta’s plant, it was found, that if the central bud of the stem. were seared with a hot iron, a. brood of young plants would be produced round the base; and accordingly such was the method he practised in propa- gating it. With respect to the genus of this plant, we feel our- selves fully justified in adopting the opinion of Mr. Ker, that it is a mere Agave, upon the ground that it possesses no character either of fructification or vegetation, by which t can be essentially distinguished; unless the revolute limb of the perianthium be so considered; upon which, however, little value is to be placed. Indeed, with this exception, it agrees in every particular with the genuine Agaves. With regard to habit, we should have presumed that no one would suppose that rather vague, but sometimes important quality, to depend upon a difference in the breadth of the leaves of two plants; and yet, except in this particular, we know of nothing which can have led AMIA ANI IIS A A DEDE S RE mom "IT those who insist upon the generic differences of this species to found an argument upon its peculiar habit. Root branched, with a few flexuose rootlets of a dull colour. Stem erect, round, smooth, covered with scales, formed by the scars of the leaves. Leaves dull green, clustereá in a circle around the top of the stem, sessile, two-edged, a little thickened just at the base, solid, some- what striated, smooth, flaccid, with a bony sphacelated point, the edges, when the leaves are old, becoming fila- mentous. Scape central, simple, erect, round, smooth, somewhat striated, covered at the base with lanceolate, dentate scales, towards the summit covered with flowers, which have a dense, interrupted, spiral arrangement. Flowers sessile, in pairs, arranged in a very long spike, with a linear-lanceolate, somewhat ciliated bractea, nearly as long as the flower, yellowish, with a dingy green cast ; at the base of each flower are two other bracteole, with an ovate-acute figure, a ciliated margin, and a scariose texture. Corolla (perianthium) tubular-campanulate, hex- angular, with a six-cleft, revolute limb, and lanceolate segments. Filaments erect, inserted into the base of the segments, and twice longer than it. Anthers large, versa- tile, oblong, furrowed lengthwise. Germen (ovary) inferior, ovate, with 6 angles. Style erect, simple, round, thick- ened upwards, a little longer than the corolla. Stigma inconspicuous. Capsule many-seeded, 3-cornered. Seeds inserted in a double row, half orbicular, flat, shining, black. Jj X. Jy Vi. a - 1146 POLYGALA oppositifolia ; var. major. Large opposite-leaved Polygala. ——— DIADELPHIA OCTANDRIA. Nat. ord. PoLYGALER, POLYGALA Tourn.— Calycis sepala persistentia, 2 interiora aleformia. Petala 3-5, tubo stamineo connexa, inferiore carineeformi (forsan à duobus coalitis constante). Capsula compressa, elliptica, obovata, v. obcordata. Stamina pubescentia, hilo carunculato, coma destituta. Dec. prodr. 1. 321. $ Psychanthus. Carina ampla cristata. ^ Capsula glabra mar- ginata. Bractee tres sepiüs persistentes ad basin pedicellorum. Frutices Capenses (unicus Arabicus). Dec. P. oppositifolia; foliis oppositis cordatis acutis, ramis glabris. a. P. oppositifolia. Linn. Mant. 259. Willd. sp. pl. 3. 885. Thunb. prodr. 120. Desf. in ann. mus. 1. 130. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 4.244. Supra, fol. 636. Dec. prodr. 1. 321. Spreng. syst. 3. 163. &. major, foliis distantibus magis cordatis, acuminatis, racemis multifloris, floribus majoribus. Omninà intermedia inter P. oppositifoliam et cordifoliam, illi glabritate foliorum ramorumque affinior, huic foliorum formá florumque magnitudine similis, presertim varietati nomine P. latifolie, ad fol. 645 hujus operis depicta. For this handsome variety of P. oppositifolia we are indebted to the favour of Alexander Daring, Esq., from whose Conservatory at the Grange it was sent by Mr. Peter M'Arthur, his Gardener, in February 1826. It is a beautiful greenhouse plant, easily increased, and blos- soming in abundance in the early months of the year, — a season when few flowers are to be procured. It is sometimes called in Gardens by the name of P. cordifolia, a different plant, distinguished by the downi- ness of its leaves and branches. The present is altogether intermediate between that species and P. oppositifolia,— differing, indeed, in little, except its smoothness, from P. latifolia of fol. 645 of this work, which is a mere variety of P. cordifolia, as is noted by Professor Sprengel: but which is not referred to by M. Decandolle, who quotes no figure as existing of P. cordifolia, although it has been long since represented in the Botanical Magazine, under the false name of P. oppositifolia. : J. L. 1147 EULOPHIA ensata. Sword-leaved Eulophia. e GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. OncuipEz. $ Vandee Lindl. EULOPHIA. ‚Supra, vol. 12. fol. 1002. E. ensata; folis strictis ensiformibus plicatis, scapo radicali vaginato, racemo capitato, labelli lobo medio linguiformi barbato, calcare recto conico abbreviato, bracteis membranaceis venosis. Radix tuberosus, semisubterraneus, subrotundus, depressus, cicatrizatus. Caules simplices, stricti, pedales, foliis ensiformibus, strictis, plicatis, Bletie more provenientibus. Scapus radicalis, pedalis, vaginatus, superne nudus, vaginis bracteisque membranaceis venosis: his ovario longioribus. Flores lutei, fer? unciam longi, in racemo arcto subcapitato glomerati. Perianthium patens. Sepala 3 exteriora basi imbricata, ovali-lanceolata, equalia: lateralibus antice cordatis, margine anteriore labello supposito ; 2 interiora minora, conformia. Labellum anticum, oblongum, calcaratum, cucullatum, trilobum, lobis lateralibus abbreviatis, obtusis, glabris, inter- medio linguiformi disco barbato, calcare brevi, recto, conico, retuso. Columna labello multd brevior, calcare. paulo longior, semiteres, marginata. Stigma transversum, excavatum. Anthera terminalis, opercularis, decidua, emar- ginata, bilocularis, septuli rudimento nullo. Pollinia 2, alte sulcata, cere- acea, caudiculá brevi, glandulá: transversá. We received this plant, in July 1827, from Mr. Tate, of the Sloane Street Nursery, as a native of the Cape of Good Hope. We believe, however, that it is peculiar to the colony of Sierra Leone, where roots were originally found by Mr. George Don, and by him transmitted to the Horticultural Society in 1822. It is a tender stove plant, extremely difficult to cultivate, being liable to rot from various causes. In growth it resembles the West Indian Bletias, like them dying down to the ground periodically. Root tuberous, semi-subterraneous, roundish, depressed, covered with scars. Stems simple, straight, a foot high, with ensiform, straight, plaited leaves. Scape from the root, about a foot high, sheathed, at the upper end naked, the sheaths and bractee membranous and veiny; the latter longer than the ovarium. Flowers yellow, about an inch long, crowded in a close capitate raceme. Peri- anthium spreading. The three external sepals imbricating at the base, oval-lanceolate, equal; the lateral cordate in front, with their anterior margin placed underneath the labellum ; the two inner smaller, but of the same figure. Labellum anterior, oblong, calcarate, cucullate, 3-lobed, the lateral lobes short, obtuse, smooth, the middle one tongue-shaped, with a bearded disk; spur short, straight, conical, retuse. Column much shorter than the labellum, rather longer than the spur, half round, margined. Stigma . transverse, excavated. Anther terminal, opercular, deci- duous, emarginate, 2-celled, with no rudiment of a disse- piment. Pollen masses 2, deeply furrowed, waxy, with a short caudicula and a transverse gland. Jh. Nore upon Sophronia modesta, fol. 1129. : At the time this article was written, we had not received the Botanical Division of Captain Freycinet's Voyage, in which there is a genus of Fungi named Sophronia. This being the case, it is necessary, in order to avoid confusion, that we should alter our name; our readers are therefore requested to substitute Sophronitis for Sophronia, 1748 #F als NO SN 1148 AMARYLLIS intermedia. Intermediate Amaryllis. —————— HEXANDRIA MONOGY NIA. Nat. ord. AMARYLLIDER. AMARYLLIS. Supra, vol. 1. fol. 23. A. intermedia; spatha triflora pedunculis longiore, perianthii laciniis lineari- oblongis eequalibus, foliis linearibus obtusis. Scapus pedalis, teres. Folia scapo breviora, linearia, atroviridia, levia. Flores atro-rubri, subinterruptó fasciati, magnitudine omnind intermedii inter A. rutilam et advenam. A native of Brazil, whence roots were sent to the Horticultural Society by Sir Henry Chamberlaine, in 1827. It flowered in a stove in the Chiswick Garden in January 1828, when our drawing was made. Intermediate between some of the larger-flowered species, A. rutila for example, and the rare A. advena, from both of which it is distinguished by the size of the flowers. Kd. ote Kart tid PEL Iu. 1140 LUPINUS lepidus. Lively Lupine. — € DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Nat. ord.. LEGUMINOS. ` LUPINUS. Supra, vol. 6. fol: 457. L. lepidus; herbaceus, perennis, floribus alternis pedicellatis ebracteolatis, calycis villosi labio" superiore bipartito inferiore" acuminato elongato, foliolis 5-7 lanceolatis utrinque sericeis, caule. florido erecto subunifolio. L.lepidus. Douglas Journal ined. Radix perennis. Folia longe petiolata; petiolis teretibus, 4-6 uncias longis, sericeis ; foliolis 5, 6, 7, lanceolatis, in basin acuminatis, uncialibus . v. sesquiuncialibus, utrinque villis longis sericeis, sepe in vetustate suprà glabriusculis; stipulis subulatis, falcatis. ^ Caulis teres, sericeus, floridus 1-2-phyllus, erectus, palmaris, fructifer elongatus, debilior, foliis pluribus. Flores in racemo stricto, subcylindraceo, 3-4 uncias longo dispositi, alterni, ebracteolati, v. processu minimo subulato bracteole loco. Bractese subulate, villose, calycis longitudine. Calyx dense sericeus. Vexillum intüs pur- pureo-ceruleum, maculé baseos albá, extús pallidum; ale oblonge, ascen- dentes, purpureo-cerulee ; carina abrupte falcata, apice atro-purpurea, margine superiore lanato. Semina parva, alba. Another fine perennial Lupine, produced from the inexhaustible store of novelties discovered in North-west America by Mr. Douglas. It is a very local species, growing from Fort Vancouver to the Great Falls of the Columbia, on the dry, elevated banks of streams. This flowers in August and September, and is the smallest of the North American species, except L. aridus and minimus, not exceeding 6 or 9 inches in height. It is to be propagated, we presume, by dividing the roots: no seed has yet been produced. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horti- cultural Society, in September last. Root perennial. Leaves on long stalks ; petioles round, pP from 4 to 6 inches long, silky ; leaflets 5, 6, 7, lanceolate, acuminate to the base, an inch or an inch and half long, silky on each side, with long white hairs, often becoming nearly smooth on the upper surface when old; stipules subulate, falcate. Stem round, silky, when in flower one or two-leaved, erect, about a span high; when in fruit longer and weaker, with more leaves. Flowers in an erect raceme, which is nearly cylindrical, and from 3 to 4 inches long, alternate, without bracteole, or at least with nothing more than a fine subulate process, which is sometimes present. Bractee subulate, villous, the length of the calyx. Calyx densely silky. Vexillum purplish blue inside, with a white.spot at the base, outside paler; ale oblong, ascending, purplish blue; carina abruptly falcate, dark purple at the apex, woolly on the upper edge. Seeds small, white. $. Je 139 1150 GENISTA procumbens. Procumbent Genista. o ——— DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Nat. ord. LEGuUmınosz. GENISTA L.—Calyx bilabiatus, labio superiore bipartito inferiore 3- dentato, aut 5-lobus, lobis tribus inferioribus ad apicem feré coalitis, Vex- illum oblongo-ovale. Carina oblonga, recta, genitalia non omninó continens. Stamina monadelpha. Legumen plano-compressum, aut rariüs subtur- gidum, polyspermum, rariüs oligospermum, eglandulosum. —— Frutices floribus flavis. Dec. prodr. 2. 145. G. procumbens; ramis procumbentibus teretibus striatis subpubescentibus, foliis lanceolatis acutis subtús calycibusque pubescentibus, floribus pedi- cellatis axillaribus ternis, corollis hé Dec. l. c. p. 152. G. procumbens. Willd. sp. pl. 3. 940. Waldst. et Kit. pl. Hung. t. 180. Schult. estr. fl. 2. 313. Sadler fl. Pest. 2. 175. Caules procumbentes, pedales v. sesquipedales, suffruticosi, sulcati, leviter pubescentés. Folia simplicia, lanceolata, acuta, subtüs sericea, suprà glabra, sepiús alterna, nunc etiam fasciculata. Flores versüs fas- tigium ramorum, odorati, lutei, axillares, bi- v. ternati, pedicellati, foliis floralibus longiores. Calyx et pedicelli sericei. Corolla glaberrima, vezr- illo ceteris paulo breviore. A rare and pretty little hardy shrub, well adapted for covering rock-work, over which its stems trail in dense masses. Its flowers are very fragrant. The accompanying drawing was made many years since, and we have unfortunately no memorandum as to whence it was procured. If it should have been furnished by any reader of this work, we shall be glad to be informed, in order that the collection may be referred to in which it is to be procured. A native of various parts of Hungary and Moravia, where it was discovered by Waldstein and Kitaibel. By our friend Dr. Sadler, it was found growing on limestone rocks in woods beyond the Kammerwald, near the stone quarry of Torbagy; and also in similar places on the Schwabenberg, all in the neighbourhood of Pest, where it flowers in June and July. We have it from mountains near Agria. The pods, which were unkriown io M. de Candolle, are described by Dr. Sadler, in his excellent Flora of the district of Pest, as ‘ slightly compressed, round at the - base, and hoary, with reniform, shining seeds." Stems procumbent, a foot or foot and half high, suf- fruticose, furrowed, slightly pubescent. Leaves simple, lanceolate, acute, beneath silky, above smooth, . usually alternate, occasionally fastigiate. Flowers towards the, ends of the branches, fragrant, yellow, axillary, in twos or threes, pedicellate, longer than the floral leaves. Calyx and pedicels silky. Corolla quite smooth, with the vex- illum rather shorter than the other petals. 3 J.-L. d de 1 1151 CRAT/EGUS cordata. Heart-leaved Crategus. ——AJpe— ICOSANDRIA DI-PENTAGY NIA. - Nat. ord. Rosacex. $ Pomacez. CRATEGUS. Supra, vol. 13. fol. 1128. . C. cordata ; foliis cordato-ovatis inciso-angulatis glabris, petiolis calycibus- que eglandulosis, floribus pentagynis. Dec. prodr. 2. 628. C. cordata. Hort. Kew. ed. 1.2. 168. Willd. arb. 82.; sp. pl. 2. 1000. C. populifolia. Walt. fl. Carol. 147. Pursh. fl. Am. sept. 1. 337. Mespilus acerifolia. Poiret dict. 4. p. 442. Mespilus pheenopyrum. Linn. suppl. 254. Ehr. beitr. 2. 67. Mespilus cordata. Miller dict. ic. 119. tab. 179. Wats. Dendr. Brit. t. 63. Arbor mediocris, ramulis subangulatis, verrucosis. Folia cordata, basi subtruncata, acuminata, lobata, serrata, utrinque levia, suprà lucida, atro- viridia, petiolis longis, levibus. . Flores albi, corymbosi, parvi, calycibus glabris, petalis rotundatis, apice denticulatis. Styli 5. Fructus spherici, pisiformes, coccinei, carnosi, nuculis quinque osseis. e à This handsome hardy tree is a native, according to Pursh, of hedge-rows and banks of rivers, from Canada to Virginia. With us it forms a beautiful bush or small tree, flowering rather later than others ofthe genus, the blossoms beginning to open in the end of May, or early in June. It is much valued for the fine dark green, glossy appearance of its leaves, and the vivid colour of its scarlet fruit, which will sometimes hang on the tree during the winter. The specimen from which our drawing was taken was communicated by Mrs. Marryat, from her Garden at Wimbledon. Young branches rather angular, and warty. Leaves cordate, somewhat truncate at the base, acuminate, lobed, serrated, smooth on each side, above dark green and shining, with long, smooth petioles. Flowers white, co- rymbose, small, with smooth calyxes and roundish petals, denticulate at the apex. Styles 5. Fruit spherical, pisi- form, scarlet, fleshy, with 5 bony nucules. Jeh: 1152 CALOCHORTUS* macrocarpus. Long-fruited Calochortus. — HEXANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Nat. ord. LiLIACER. CALOCHORTUS Ph.—Calyx 3-phyllus, herbaceus. Petala 3, colorata, majora, intüs barbata, suprà unguem canaliculatum pulvinata. Ovarium superum, 3-loculare, polyspermum ; ovula disticha horizontalia ; stigmata petaloidea, complicata. Capsula apice trivalvis, septicidd de- hiscens, nunc obtusé trigona oblonga rostrata, nunc triquetra subrotunda. Semina plana, serie simplici inserta, testà membranaceá. Herbe bul- . bose (Americee septentrionalis temperate), foliis ensiformibus, vaginantibus. Caules simplices. Flores umbellati v. racemosi, purpurei albidive. C. macrocarpus ; caule 3-5-phyllo bifloro, petalis preter fasciculum pilorum glabris, capsulis erectis lineari-oblongis. Douglas im Hort. Trans. vol. 7. p. 276. tab. 8. Bulbi cage tunicis atrobrunneis, separabilibus. Caules 2-3-flori, 1}-2-pedales, erecti, versis fastigium flexuosi, striati, glauci. Folia 3-5, ensiformia, convoluta, basi vaginantia, apice sepé sphacelata,. striata, glauca, caule breviora. Flores 2, terminales, basi bibracteati, bracteis Joliaceis. Pedunculi apice incrassati, cum caule continui, nec articulati. Perianthium campanulato-patens, deciduum, estivatione convolutivá. Se- pala tria, ovato-lanceolata, acuminatissima, apice sphacelata, margine membranacea, petalis longiora, extüs viridia, striata, intüs amené pur- purea, maculá ad basin ocellatá obscurá. Petala cuneato-obovata, plana, apiculata, amené atro-purpurea, dorso extüs striá viridi, intüs versüs basin pallidiora, processubus luteis filamentosis barbata, in medio quorum areola adest cordata, pulvinata, pilis brevibus albis apice purpureis den- sissime confertis supertecta. —— Obs. Barba capillamentis constat tortuosis corrugatis, apice clavatis, sepe bifidis luteis fistulosis succo luteo repletis, e cellulis constantibus minutissimis extús gibbosis, unde superficies sub lente videtur aspera. Stamina 6, hypogyna, petalis breviora : filamenta linearia, plana, acuminata, erecta, dimidium ovarii longitudinem paululum supe- rantia ; antheree erecto-patentes, filamentorum longitudine, lineares, innate, longitudinaliter à latere dehiscentes ; pollen fusco-purpureum, omnium maximum, oblongum, coherens, sub aquá sponté dehiscens, et fovillam satis * Calochortus is derived from xa»3;, handsome, and yégres, a kind of grass, in reference to the beautiful flowers borne by the grassy herbage of the genus. Macrocarpus signifies literally long-fruited, from xe, long, and xagxis, fruit: the fruit of the other species is short, and roundish. VOL. XIV. F magnam effundens. Ovarium lineare, pallidum, triquetrum, angulis obtusis, 3-loculare, polyspermum ; ovula disticha, horizontalia, subcompressa, car- nosa, canali magno (rapheos initio) laterali, intüs respiciente, et foramine conspicuo contermino. Styli 3, breves. Stigmata totidem, cordata, esti- vatione explicatu, mox complicata, recurva, pallidé rosea, sepalis opposita. Capsula 3 uncias longa, erecta, lineari-oblonga, chartacea, apice 3-valvis, per septa dehiscens, valvis apice bifidis. Semina plana, ovalia, serie simplici inserta, horizontalia ; testa laxa cellulosa, quá amotá raphe con- spicitur tenuis filiformis in chalazam terminans coriaceam. Embryo rectus, teres, excentricus. . This fine plant has been described by Mr. Douglas, with two other species, in the Transactions of the Horti- cultural Society, from which we learn that it-is a native of “ the undulating, dry, barren grounds around the Great Falls of the Columbia River, and on the summit of the low hills between them and the Grand Rapids, 200 miles from the ocean." It was also observed “ on the banks of the southern branches of the Columbia, towards their . in the mountains, growing luxuriantly in similar soils. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society, in July 1827, where roots sent home by Mr. Douglas, in 1826, flowered in a shady American border. It is at present extremely rare, the two or three roots originally received being all that yet exist in Europe. It is quite hardy, and will, no doubt; be at some distant period as well known in our Gardens as the once equally rare Tigridia Pavonia. ‚The stem grows from a foot and half to two feet in height. The /eaves are very glaucous, as is also the stem. The flowers are a rich deep purple, beautifully bearded at the base, and remain in perfection several days. FL. dilly uma I TE Hitgeray (OG Picca 1153 BRUNSVÍGIA* ciliáris. Ciliate-leaved Brunsvigia. HEXANDRIA MONOGY NIA. Nat. ord. AMARYLLIDER. BRUNSVIGIA. Supra, vol. 3. fol. 192. B. ciliaris; foliis ciliatis, perianthii laciniis eequalibus patentibus, spathä multiflorá. a Lilium africanum spheericum, floribus obsolet? puniceis minoribus. Herm, lugdb. 357. Bulbus oblongus ethiopicus, foliis guttatis et cilii instar pilosis. Breyn. cent. t. 39. Amaryllis ciliaris. Linn. sp. pl. 422. Amaryllis guttata. Syst. veg. ed. 13. p. 265. zx : Hemanthus ciliaris; foliis oblongis ciliatis, corollee laciniis reflexis. Thunb. odr. 59. H. eier, Ait. Pa ed, 1. vol. 1. p. gem "fe? sp. pl. 2.96. Jacq. m. tab. 41. fig. 1. S; . Syst. vol. 2. p. 56. nes ciliaris. ` Ker, supra, fol. 193 in notá. Boophane ciliaris. Herbert's treatise, p. 18. ` i ; Folia ovato-oblonga, patentia, longis ciliis fimbriata, utrinque glabra, .subtüs maculis sanguineis guttata. Scapus palmaris. Spatha triphylla, brevis, reflexa, circiter 60-flora. Umbella hemispherica. Pedunculi recti, rigidi, triquetri, 4 v. 5 uncias longi, à latá basi sursùm ad ovarium attenuata. Perianthium hypocrateriforme, tubo brevi recto, medio paululum constricto ; limbo regulari, patente, demùm reflexo, laciniis purpureis, unguiculatis, tubo longioribus. Stamina equalia, patentia, basibus connatis, speciem disci ad faucem tubi formantibus. Ovarium inflatum, utriculatum, 3-loculare ; loculis 2-3 spermis ; ovulis medio axi basibus suis acuminatis affixis ascen- dentibus. Capsula chartacea, oblonga, oligosperma ; maturam non vidi. This plant, although very common in collections, and cultivated in England for at least seventy years, produces * Brunsvigia was so named in 1753 by Heister, in compliment to his patron, Charles, Duke of Brunswick Lunenburg. What were his Serene High- ness's claims to this honour, we know not; but we hope all Englishmen will always have reason to hail the name of Brunswick wherever it appears : and the genus in question, long confounded with Amaryllis, being now restored, the name of Brunsvigia appears with peculiar propriety in the Royal Garden of England. — Smith in Rees’ Cycl. Suppl. its flowers so seldom, that there are few persons who have seen them. Even Mr. Herbert, to vhom every thing relating to this tribe of plants is familiar, appears to know its blossoms only from a specimen in Mr. Lamberts Herbarium. The subject from which this figure was taken, flowered in the Conservatory of J. H. Slater, Esq., of Newick Park, near Uckfield, in 1825. A native of the Cape of Good Hope. Mr. Herbert recommends it to be grown in a moderately light loam, the neck of the bulb being kept above ground, and a little sharp white sand placed in contact with the bulb. In the autumn the leaves appear; the roots should at that time be well watered, and removed to a hothouse, where they ought to remain as long as they continue to grow. After- wards they should be kept quite dry, but not too hot. Leaves ovate-oblong, varying in size, spreading, fringed with long cilie, smooth on each side, covered with little blood-red gouts on the under side. Scape about 6 inches high. Umbel consisting of from 50 to 60 flowers, which are of a dull purple, and seated on long, rigid, 3-quetrous peduncles. Ovules in each cell 2 or 3, attached to the middle of the axis by their taper bases, and having an ascending direction. i : passae == —— pr 1154 PYRUS* grandifólia. Large-leaved Pyrus. —— ICOSANDRIA DI.-PENTAGY NIA. Nat. ord. RosACEX. Pomacee. PYRUS. Supra, vol. 6. fol. 514. Sect. Aronia Nob. (Adenorachis Decand. prodr. 2. 627.) P. grandifolia; caule erecto ramisque glabriusculis, foliis oblongis ob- ovatisve acutis glabris, fructibus spheericis calycibusque glabris, corymbis oligocarpis coarctatis, disco villoso. Lindley in Hort. Trans. vol. 7, p. 233. Frutex 4-5-pedalis. Rami erecti, fortes, fusci, leviter pubescentes. Folia magna, atroviridia, lata, oblonga v. obovata, abrupte acuminata, utrinque glabra, serrulata, supra glabra, glandulis coste paucissimis. Flores, pro sectione, majusculi. Calyces glaberrimi. Discus et ovarii apex villosi. Fructus atropurpurei. A very handsome hardy shrub, resembling Pyrus Chamemespilus in the general appearance of its foliage, but far more beautiful than that species. It belongs to the tribe of Pyruses, of which P. arbutifolia is the repre- sentative, and is the most valuable of all the species of that division which have lately been described. It grows to the height of 4 or 5 feet, and is quite hardy, expanding its blossoms about the middle of May. Propagated by grafting or budding upon the Whitethorn, or any similar stock. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society, from a plant that had been received from * Pyrus is by the lexicographers derived from 4z:3;, the Greek name of the pear; the « at the beginning being omitted by apocope, and an r inserted in the middle. But De Theis, with much more plausibility, traces it to peren, the Celtic name of the pear; whence he says the Latins formed pyrus, the French poire, the Anglo-Saxons pere, and the English pear. Mr. Miller, of Bristol. A native of North America; but not noticed by any Botanists of that country. Stem erect, vigorous. Branches brown, slightly pu- bescent. Leaves large, bright green, broad, oblong or obovate, abruptly acuminate, smooth on each side, shining above, serrulate, with few glands. Flowers larger than usual. Fruit dark purple. Calyzes quite smooth. Disk and apex of the ovarium villous. J. L. 1155 ORCHIS* papilionácea. Purple Butterfly Orchis. —— Y GYNANDRIA: MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. OncnrpEx. $ Ophrydex Lindley. * Labello radicibusque indivisis. O. papilionacea ; labello obovato subemarginato crenulato venoso, sepalis obtusiusculis erectis nervosis, germine cornu inflexum acutum superante, bracteis coloratis breviore. Sprengel syst. 3. 684. O. papilionacea. Linn. sp. pl. 1331. Scop. carn. n. 1103. Willd. sp. pl. 4. 24. aliorumque. : O. rubra. Jacquin ic. rar. 1. t. 182. Collect. 1. p. 60. Radices carnosi, indivisi. Folia brevia, oblongo-ensiformia, patentia, obtusa. Caulis erectus, pedalis v. minor, vaginis submembranaceis venosis, apice virescentibus. Spica 5-7-flora. .Bractee membranacee, dilatate, rosea, venose, ovario longiores. Sepala rubro-purpurea, venosa, ascendentia, inferioribus retrorsim subfalcatis. Labellum pallide purpureum, oblongum, obtusum, indivisum, subundulatum, crenulatum. Calcar crassum, conicum, rectum, subacutum, ovario brevius. A half-hardy species, introduced into this country by M. Mauri, by whom it was sent from Rome to the Horti- cultural Society, in 1826 : our drawing was made in the Chiswick Garden, in May 1827. It thrives very well in light soil, if planted in a pot, and kept in a frame during the winter; but it would not bear our climate with less attention. A native of most parts of the South of Europe, in Corsica, Liguria, near Monte Nuovo, Rome, and Naples, and also in Barbary. By most authors, the O. rubra of Jacquin is considered * Orchis is a primitive Greek word, which, being interpreted, signifies a small oval fleshy body ; and was applied to the plants that bear its name, in consequence of the figure of the roots according with that interpretation. identical with O. papilionacea; Sprengel asserts, that the figure in the Icones 1s a mere error, arising from its having been copied from a wretched drawing. But M. de Can- dolle, in his Flore Francaise, entertains a different opinion, and distinguishes O. rubra, that is to say, the Piedmontese plant described by Allioni under that name, by its smaller labellum, which is very slightly crenulated, and neither truncate nor emarginate at its apex. We have specimens called O. rubra from Granddidier’s Herbarium, which answer to this statement; but they are otherwise so similar to our O. papilionacea from Naples, that we do not think it advisable to distinguish them even as varieties. Roots fleshy, undivided. Leaves short, oblong-ensiform, spreading, obtuse. Stem erect, a foot high, or something less, with membranous venous sheaths, which are greenish at the apex. Spike 5-7-flowered. .Bractee membranous, dilated, pink, venous, longer than the ovarium. Sepals reddish purple, venous, ascending; the lower ones some- what falcate backwards. Labellum pale purple, oblong, obtuse, undivided, somewhat undulated, crenulate; spur thick, conical, straight, somewhat acute, shorter than the ovarium. S.L: Oy J Mile d 1156 EL/EAGNUS* angustifólia. Narrow-leaved Eleagnus. — BM TETRANDRIA MONOGY NIA. Nat. ord. ELEAGNER. ELZAGNUS L. — Flores hermaphroditi aut polygami. Calyx basi tubulosus; limbo campanulato, 4-5-fido, regulari. Stamina 4-5, laciniis calycis alternantia. Discus prominens, bipartitus aut annularis. Wur calycis tubo incrassato carnoso intüs osseo apice umbilicato et akenio obovoideo constans. —— Arbores, foliis alternis, floribus in axillis foliorum pedicellatis. Ach. Richard. Monogr. p. 26. . angustifolia ; foliis lanceolatis utrinque argenteo-lepidotis. . angustifolia. Linn. sp. pl. ed. Willd. 1. 688. Pallas ft. ross. 1. p. 10. t. 4. aliorumque. ` . inermis. Mill. dict. n. 2. nteus. Merch. méth. p. 638. . orientalis. Delile, according to A. Rich, but not of Linn. . hortensis æ. Bieb. taur. cauc. 1.113. . 8. ramis spinosis, foliis ellipticis. E. spinosa. Linn. sp. Willd. 1. 689. E. hortensis 3. Bieb. taur. cauc. 1. 113. SICHT me A small, hardy, cinereous tree, growing from 15 to 20 feet high, with the habit of some kind of Willow. Its flowers, which are produced in great quantities in the * The aures of Theophrastus was a plant with hoary leaves, growing in marshy places in Arcadia, and was probably a species of Willow, although certainly not Salix babylonica, as Sprengel states. It was named from its resemblance to the iäziz, or olive, from which it differed in not bearing fruit. The plants to which the name is now applied are also something like the olive. The French call the Eleagnus chalef; a slight alteration, according to Golius, of khaléf, the Arabic name of the willow ; but more probably of kalaf, the Persian name of the tree itself. : It is proper to observe, that Dioscorides writes Eleagrus, which means the wild olive ;—a reading that has been adopted by some Botanists, and which is most likely the true one. month of May, are so powerfully fragrant as to perfume all the air around them: it is for this valuable property that the tree is chiefly cultivated. Its reddish brown fruit, which is something like a small date, is only eaten by birds. There are in the Gardens of a few individuals near London some plants, said to produce an excellent fruit, which have been raised from seed sent from Persia, under the name of Zinzeyd. These are the Eleagnus orientalis, which Bieberstein considers a mere garden variety of the species now figured. Its fruit is doubtless very good ; and the flowers are reported to be even more odoriferous than those of E. angustifolia. . This is a native of Egypt and the eastern parts of Europe, commencing with Bohemia, — whence the French, who esteem it much, call it the Olivier de Bohéme, — and extending far into Persia and Siberia. It is very common in the Caucasus, and in Circassia, especially about. Kisljar and the banks of the Terek: it is generally used for hedges, for which it is said to be well adapted. Ac- cording to Pallas, it is most abundant in wet places, among sand hills, in the vicinity of the Caspian and the Volga, especially in the neighbourhood of the wells of the nomadic inhabitants: it is not seen further north than 49°. By the Kirgise Tartars it is called Dshigde; by the Calmucs, Segdé; by the Russians of the Terek, Lóch : it is also sometimes named the Jerusalem Willow. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society at Chiswick, in May 1827. EL. 1157 _ TILLANDSIA* acaulis. Stemless Tillandsia. ——— - HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. BRoMELIACEA. TILLANDSIA. Supra, vol. 2. fol. 105. T. acaulis; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis undulatis recurvis, floribus aggregatis sessilibus. Subacaulis cespites latos proliferos efformans. Folia oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, undulata, cesia, lepidota, serrulata, utrinque concolora. Flores albi, in capitulo sessili aggregati, bracteis membranaceis, venosis, apice serrulatis intermixtis. A pretty little epiphyte, native of Rio Janeiro, for which we are indebted to Mrs. Arnold Harrison, who obligingly communicated it in August 1827. It never grows more than 3 or 4 inches high, pro- ducing suckers freely, by which it is easily increased. If suffered to grow without these being removed, it soon forms broad patches hanging over the sides of the pot. Its leaves are a dull sea-green ; its flowers white, in a sessile cluster in the bosom of the leaves; they appear at uncertain seasons, chiefly in March, April, and August. Requires the heat of the stove, and a light, sandy, poor soil. i * Tillandsia was so named after Elias Tillands, born in 1640, died in 1692, who was the Keeper of the Botanic Garden at Abo. He paid much attention to the Botany of Finland; and between 1681 and 1688 pub- lished a catalogue of the plants of the country, written in Latin, Swedish, and Finnish, with wood-cuts. 1158 GESNÉRIA* rutila. Brilliant. Gesneria. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. GESNERIEE. GESNERIA. Supra, vol. 4. fol. 329. G. rutila; herbacea, hirsuta, folis oppositis oblongis grosse crenatis utrinque concoloribus, floribus axillaribus solitariis erectis, calycibus inflatis, corollis pedicello longioribus. Caulis erectus, teres, hirsutus. Folia opposita, petiolata, oblonga, grosse crenata, hirsuta, utrinque concolora. Flores axillares, solitarii, erecti; pedicelli Airsuti, foliis multd breviores. Calyx inferus, inflatus, basi presertim pilosus. Corolla coccinea, fere 2 uncias longa, extüs pubescens, intús et versüs basin tubi extüs lutea; tubo recto subcylindraceo, parúm ventricoso; limbo obliquo, laciniis erectis, subrotundis, superiore emarginato mult) majore. Glandule hypogyne, 2, ad basin superiorem ovarii. t Native of South America, probably Brazil, whence it was imported by the Comte de Vandes, in whose Garden at Bayswater it was drawn, in September 1827. A stove plant, growing to the height of 2 or 3 feet, and propagated by cuttings. The stem is erect, round, and hirsute. The leaves are opposite, stalked, oblong, coarsely crenated, hirsute, of the same colour on each side. The flowers are axillary, solitary, erect, with hirsute pedicels shorter than the leaves; The calyx is inferior, inflated, pilose, particularly at the base. The corolla is scarlet, about 2 inches long, rated Conrad Gesner, born one of the first Botanists for the value he attached * Gesneria was named in honour of the celeb at Zurich in 1516, and died in 1565. He was of his age ; and remarkable, among other things, to characters derived from the seeds of plants. pubescent externally, in the inside and towards the base of the tube on the outside yellow; its tube is straight, nearly cylindrical, slightly. ventricose; the limb oblique, with erect, roundish segments, the uppermost of which is emarginate, and larger than the rest. The hypogynous glands are two, at the base of the upper side of the ovarium. t J. L. "M J, Maca 1159 ANTHOLYZA* eethiópica ; var. minor. Small Cape Antholyza. TRIANDRIA MONOGY NIA. Nat. ord. Inipgx. ANTHOLYZA L. — Inflorescentia spicata. Spatha bivalvis. Corolla tubuloso-sexfida, regularis (insequalis) ; faux sensim turbinata v. abrupte cylindracea; limbus nutans. Stamina secunda (ascendentia) Stigmata convoluto-capillaria, integra. ^ Capsula coriacea, oblato-rotunda, (levis). Semina biserialia, oblato-globosa, corticosa, contactu subdeformia, in locu- lamentis singulis pauca. Ker Monogr. irid. p. 155. A. ethiopica. =o A. ethiopica. Linn. sp. pl. 1. 54: Thunb. prodr. 7. flor. cap. 1. 121. etc. A. ringens. Andrews reposit. 32. Pers. syn. 1. 42. nec aliorum. A. prealta. Redouté lilac. 387. Römer et Sch. syst. veg. 1. 446. fide Ker. B. minor. A. ethiopica 8. Bot. mag. 1172. Caulis bipedalis. Folia ensiformia, 13 unciam lata, feró duos pedes longa. Flores secundi, perianthii dimidio superiore coccineo, inferiore luteo viridi. A handsome Cape bulbous-rooted plant, thriving in light sandy soil in a cool greenhouse. It has long been an inhabitant of European Gardens, but seldom makes its appearance in collections. Our drawing was obtained in the Garden of the Comte de Vandes, three or four years ago. Flowers in May and June. The stem is about 2 feet high. The /eaves are ensiform, an inch and half broad, and almost 2 feet long. The = Antholyza, from 2»3e;, a flower, and Avera, Tage; SO named in conse- quence of a fancied aspect of rage exhibited by the flower, which has been likened to a long-necked animal ready to bite. VOL, XIV. G flowers are strictly one-sided ; their upper half is scarlet, their lower yellowish green. Mr. Ker, in his last revision of the genus, considers this as the only certain species, all the others being more or less doubtful. J. La Nore to Brunsvigia ciliaris, fol. 1153. Mr. Slater informs us, that the method he has followed with his Bruns- vigias has been to keep them plunged in sand, in a very high temperature, during the months of June and July; and at other seasons to place them in a vinery. Under this plan of treatment, B. multiflora flowered three years successively ; B. Josephine every other year during six years, with two stems, having from 47 to 56 flowers each. The root of B. ciliaris, . from which our drawing was taken, produced, the year before, between 80 and 90 flowers on a single stem ; at the time it was figured it had two stems, as represented in our plate. Lo OW Hu 7 ZLI? LP. e. 1160 AMYGDALUS* communis ; var. macrocarpa. Largefruited Almond. ICOSANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Rosaczx. § Amygdalee. i AMYGDALUS.—Drupa pubescenti-velutina, cortice fibrosà exsuccá irregulariter secedente, putamine foraminuloso aut lævi. Folia juniora conduplicata. Flores subsessiles, solitarii aut gemini, foliis pracociores, è gemmis squamosis orti. Fructus lanati. Dec. prodr. 2. 530. A. communis ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis serrulatis, floribus solitariis, calyci- bus campanulatis, fructibus ovoideo-compressis tomentosis. Dec. l. c. 3. macrocarpa ; foliis latioribus acuminatis vix cinereis, pedunculis breviori- bus turgidis, fructibus majoribus umbilicatis apice acuminatis putamine duro. Dec. l.c. Amandier à gros fruits. Duham. arb. ed. 2. v. 4. p. 112. — Noisett. jard. JT. p. 7. t. 3. Of this beautiful variety of the Almond there is a single specimen in the Garden of the Horticultural Society at Chiswick, where our drawing was made, in May 1827. It is in most respects like a common Almond, but its flowers are almost twice as large, and remain in perfection for a longer period. ' The fruit is larger than that of the common Almond. eng to M. Seringe, the two kinds of Almond called Amande Pistache and Amande Sultane, are referable to this variety. Increased by budding upon plums or other drupaceous plants. J. L. * "Auvyderta, the Greek name of the tree: macrocarpa, from paexgos, large, and xagrros, fruit. A roto te AT: nh s cl e id^ 1161 CRATA:GUS* heterophylla. Various-leaved Hawthorn. — ICOSANDRIA DI-PENTAGYNIA. Nat. ord. RosACE&. CRATZGUS. Supra, vol. 13. fol. 1128. C. heterophylla; foliis lucidis tardé deciduis lanceolatis cuneatis apice dentatis, pinnatifidisve, tubo calycis fusiformi, cymis multifloris, floribus monogynis, stipulis maximis pinnatifidis. Mespilus constantinopolitana. Hort. C. heterophylla. Flugge ann. mus. 12. t. 38. Decand. prodr. 2. 629. C. aronia. Watson dendrolog. 165. not of Willd. Arbor mediocris, staturd quam C. oxyacanthe, proceriore. Folia lucida, glaberrima, tardó decidua; prop? inflorescentiam et in ramulis vetustis lanceolata, integerrima, v. oblonga, cuneata, apice tridentata; in ramulis vegetioribus pinnatifidis, serratis, subcuneatis, stipulis maximis, pinnatifidis, semi-cordatis. Cyme multiflore, congeste, glaberrime. Calycis tubus lineari-oblongus, limbus brevi-campanulatus, dentes acuminate eglandulose. Petala denticulata, alba. Stylus crassus, simplex. Fructus migri, ovales v. fusiformes, limbo calycis persistente coronati. A beautiful kind of Hawthorn, very little known in our English Gardens, although it has existed in collections in this country for many years. It is by far the handsomest of the white-flowered species, and is remarkable for its black berries in the autumn. : In M. Decandolle's Prodromus, the native country is supposed to be North America; but if we consider the little affinity that it has with any known North American species, and its close resemblance to C. maroccana, it * The xgérasyes of the Greeks,—said to have derived its name from xgdros, strength, in allusion to the toughness of its wood,—is supposed to have been the Azarole. Heterophylla is from £rsgos, various, and PO», a leaf. may, we think, be safely assumed that its origin has been the East, as 1s indeed indicated by one of its garden names. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society, in May 1827. Propagated by grafting or budding on the common Hawthorn. Mr. Watson has confounded it with the C. aronia, a very different species, more nearly related to the Azarole. We have specimens, by the liberality of Messrs. Loddiges, from the very plant from which Mr. Watson's figure, which, by the way, is not good, was made. A middle-sized tree, with the habit of C. oxyacantha, but more robust. Leaves lucid, quite smooth, falling off late in the season; near the inflorescence, and on old branches, lanceolate, and quite entire, or oblong, cuneate, 3-toothed at the end; on the more vigorous branches pin- natifid, serrate, somewhat cuneate: stipule very large, pin- natifid, half cordate. Cymes many - flowered, compact, perfectly smooth. Calyx with a linear-oblong tube, a short campanulate limb, and acuminate, glandless teeth. Petals denticulate, white. Style thick, simple. Fruit black, oval, or fusiform, crowned with the persistent limb of the calyx. FE 1162 THRYALLIS* brachystáchys. Short-spiked Thryallis. DECANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Nat. ord. MarPicuracgx. $ Hiptagee. THRYALLIS L.—Calyz 5-fidus, inseequalis, eglandulosus. Petala 5, unguiculata. Stamina decem. Ovarium 3-loculare, tristylum. Pericar- pium siccum, triquetrum, triloculare, tripartibile, trispermum, calyce in- clusum. —— Frutices scandentes, pilis stellatis velutini. Flores lutei. ‘ T. brachystachys ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis subtis albidis, racemis paniculatis foliis subeequalibus. Rami scandentes, teretes, cinerei, dense pubescentes. Folia opposita, ovato-lanceolata, acwminata, basi subcordata dorso utrinque glandulosa, wndique pilis stellatis velutine, suprà glauca, infra albida. Stipule 0. Racemi paniculati, axillares et terminales, foliis haud multúm longiores, undique dense velutini. Bractee subulate, decidue. Calyx irregularis, 5-partitus, corolle feré longitudine, persistens, limbo sub anthesi revoluto. Petala 5, longé unguiculata, subrotundo-cordata, erosa, luteo-aurantiaca. Stamina 10. Ovarium triloculare, tristylum. Pericarpium siccum, inap- pendiculatum, calyce persistente inclusum, 3-loculare; placentis 3 magnis, fungosis. Semina...... The genus Thryallis is one of the most obscure in the science of Natural History. It was established by Linneus, upon a specimen which has never been seen by any other person, but to which he referred the rude wood figure in Marcgraaf, p. 79. f. 3. Sir James Smith could find no trace of it in the Linnean Collection. We are, therefore, fortunate in having an opportunity of describing a second species, which agrees well with the description of Linneus * Thryallis is an ancient Greek name for something of the Mullein kind, whose woolly leaves served to make wicks for lamps. It is not easy to con- ceive how Linneeus came to apply the name here, nor can we trace out any thing to account for his having done so. Smith in Rees. — Sprengel con- jectures the Sgvaaais to have been the Verbascum lychnitis. Brachystachys signifies short-spiked. in all respects, except in having three styles instead of one,—a character, that, supposing Linneeus to have made no mistake, is of little importance in the order to which Thryallis belongs: this species also confirms the propriety of deferring the genus to Malpighiacee, rather than to Tricocce (Euphorbiacez), as was done by Linneeus. This new species was found near Rio Janeiro by the late Mr. Forbes, who sent seeds of it to the Horticultural Society, in 1823. Our drawing was made at the Chiswick Garden, in October 1827. : A tender, handsome, climbing, stove plant, flowering in great profusion in September and October. It attains the height of 8 or 10 feet; and is propagated by cuttings struck in peat and sand. Branches climbing, terete, cinereous, densely pubescent. Leaves opposite, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, somewhat cordate and biglandular behind at the base, velvety all over with stellate hairs, glaucous above, whitish beneath. Sti- pule 0. Racemes panicled, axillary and terminal, not much longer than the leaves, closely covered with velvety hair. Bractee subulate, deciduous. Calyx irregular, 5-parted, about the length of the corolla, persistent, with a revolute limb while in flower. Petals 5, on long claws, roundish-cordate, ragged at the edge, yellowish orange colour. Stamens 10. Ovarium with 3 cells and 3 styles. Pericarpium dry, without appendages, included in the persistent calyx, 3-celled, with 3 large, spongy placente. Seeds not seen. J. L. W163 1163 2 . 2 . . ee LINUM* sibiricum; var. Lewisii. North-West American Flax. Kraul ak PENTANDRIA PENTAGY NIA. Nat. ord. LINEE. : LINUM L.— Flores proportione partium quinaria. Sepala integra. Styli rarissimé 3, cum petalis staminibus sepalisque 5. Decand. prodr. l. 423. L. sibiricum ; glabrum erectum elatum foliis linearibus acutis patulis, sepalis ovalibus basi 5-nerviis, exterioribus acutiusculis interioribus obtusissimis margine membranaceis, petalis integris calyce tripló quad- ruplóve majoribus. Dec. prodr. vol. 1. p. 427. L. perenne, var. sibirica. Linn. sp. 397. L. austriacum. Bot. mag. t. 1086, not of Linn. Var.; foliis glaucis, floribus majoribus. L. Lewisii. Pursh. fl. am. sept. 1. 210. Perenne, glabrum, glaucum. ‘Caules erecti, pedales. Folia linearia, utrinque acuta, patentia, avenia, Sepala ovata, acuta, basi 3-venia, in- terioribus margine membranaceis, Petala pallide cerulea, apice rotundata, integra, calyce 3-pló majora. A handsome, hardy perennial, native of the north-west country of North America, whence it was sent to the Horticultural Society, in 1826, by Mr. Douglas. It is about a foot or foot and half high ; and flowers during May, June, and July. We have no doubt that Nuttall is right in referring this to the Linum sibiricum, from which, judging from our wild specimens from Dr. Fischer, it differs in nothing except having larger flowers, and in being more glaucous. The existence of the same plant in Siberia and north- * The avy of the Greeks, which was probably the same as our common flax, is derived by De Theis from the Celtic word llin, signifying a thread; whence comes linen in English, linge in French, and linum, with its deriva- tives, in Latin. : west America, is only one of numerous other examples of the great resemblance of the Floras of those two countries. Perennial, glabrous, glaucous. Stems erect, about a foot high. Leaves linear, acute at each end, spreading, without veins.. Sepals ovate, acute, 3-veined at the base, the inner ones membranous at the edge. Petals pale blue, rounded at the apex, entire, three times as large as the calyx. J. L. 1164 MAGNÓLIA* Yulan, var. Soulangiána. M. Soulange's Magnolia. $ ; — POLYANDRIA POLYGYNIA. Nat. ord.. MAGNOLIACEE. MAGNOLIA. Supra, vol. 4. p. 325. M. Yulan; foliis deciduis obovatis abrupté acuminatis, junioribus pubes- centibus post anthesin prodeuntibus, floribus erectis 6-9 petalis, stylis erectis, Decand. syst. 1. 455. Prodr. 1. 81. Le Yu-lan. Mém. Chin. 3. p. 441. M. precia. Correa de Serra in Vent. Malm. n. 24. adn. 2. M. conspicua. Salisb. parad. 38. t. 38. Ait. Kew. ed. 2. v. 3. p. 380. M. Yulan. Desf. arb. 2. p. 6. pict. hort. par. 43. t. 37. Bonpl. nav. p. 53. t. 20, Var. Soulangiana ; floribus extús purpurascentibus. M. Soulangiana s. M. precia flore albo purpurascente Soulange-Bodin, notice sur une nouvelle espece de Magnolie. A very handsome variety of the Yulan Magnolia, ob- tained, as we are informed by the Chevalier Soulange- Bodin, in his Garden at Fromont, from a seed of M. Yulan, which had been fertilised by the pollen of M. obovata. Our drawing was made at the Nursery of Messrs. Young, . of Epsom, by whom the variety had been procured from M. Soulange. It has been so short a time in this country, that little is known of its good qualities except by report ; we shall, therefore, give M. Soulange's account nearly in his own words, premising that we have found the blossoms exceedingly fragrant, and that it is probable the variety will be adapted to our climate. * [t has considerable affinity to the two species * Magnolia, in record of the merits of Peter Magnol, formerly Professor of Botany at Montpellier, born in 1638, died in 1715; author of several Botanical works of merit. Yulan is the Chinese name of the species ; called Soulangiana in compliment to the gentleman who raised it. M. Yulan and M. obovata; but it differs from both in so many circumstances, that it must be considered either as a new species, or at least as a constant variety, or rare and precious hybrid, produced by the intermixture of its two parents. “ The differences and resemblances between it and them are as follows : — * [t resembles Yulan in its bark, in the form of its leaves, which are, however, rather firmer, in the regu- larity of its beautiful corolla, and, finally, in the delicious fragrance of its flowers" (to which may be added all other essential particulars). ** It differs from that species in the period at which it expands its blossoms; the Yulan bears them upon its naked branches, before the young shoots have burst through the silky bractez (scales) which enclose them; and as soon as these flowers are withered, they are succeeded by those of M. Soulangiana, the petals of which are at first of a delicate green, becoming bright clear white in the inside, and a handsome purple on the outside. “ This union of colours is the only point in which M. obovata need be considered, for its leaves are quite differently formed, their disk tapering insensibly down to the base of the petiole; its flowers are tulip-shaped, never opening well, and have no scent; and they do not expand until the cones of M. Soulangiana are beginning to form." J. L. 1165 COMBRETUM* comósum. | _Long-stamened Combretum. —9—— DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. CoMBRETACER. COMBRETUM L.— Calycis limbus infundibuliformis 4-lobus de- ciduus. Petala 4, inter lobos calycis inserta. Stamina 8, biserialia; ex his 4 petalis opposita altius inserta et longè exserta. Ovarium 2-5-ovu- latum. Stylus exsertus acutus. Fructus 4-pteri, 1-loculares, 1-spermi, indehiscentes. Semen angulatum pendulum.. Cotyledones plicà media reflexee cruciato-divaricatée. —— Frutices arboresve subscandentes. ^ Folia sæpiùs opposita integerrima. Spice terminales et axillares, interdüm pani- culate. Dec. prodr. 3. p. 18. .;$ Partes floris quinarie. E : C. comosum ; foliis ellipticis acutis basi subcordatis glabriusculis, paniculis terminalibus laxis multifloris, petalis obtusis, bracteis lanceolatis, ramulis scandentibus pubescentibus. —— C. comosum. G. Don, in Linn. trans. 15. p. 433. Dec. prodr. 3. 20. Rami scandentes, teretes, pubescentes. Folia opposita v. terna, ellip- tica v. oblonga, acuta, basi subcordata, suprà subnitida, infra venis petio- loque pilosiusculis. Panicule im fastigium ramorum, ramose, multiflore, aphylle, bracteis parvis, ovato-lanceolatis, deciduis. Flores in apicibus ramulorum congesti. Calyx infundibularis, subpubescens, limbo 5-dentato. Petala 5, unguiculata, linearia, obtusa, lete purpurea. Stamina longè exserta, filamentis tenuibus, coloratis. This fine climbing stove plant was collected by Mr. George Don, for the Horticultural Society, in Sierra Leone, in 1821: from seeds sent home by him, a great number of plants have been distributed by the Society through the Gardens of Europe; but we believe they have * Combretum is a Plinian name, the application of which is now unknown; it has been capriciously given to the genus which at present bears it. Comosus, in Botanical Bed, indicates the presence of en- larged bractee or of leaves at the extremity of an inflorescence. It seems to have been used in this instance in the signification of shaggy, In allusion to the long hair-like filaments. produced flowers only in the collection of the Comte de Vandes, at Bayswater. It there forms a dense entangled mass, which in May and June is covered with large panicles of flowers. "These are not of so deep and vivid a carmine as those of Combretum purpureum (Poivrea coccinea of Decandolle); but they are more eledant in their appearance, and are produced in greater profusion. Propagated by cuttings, which strike root readily in a mixture of loam and.sand. | It appears to be very common in thickets at Sierra Leone, as it was found both by Smeathman and: Afzelius, and is often sent to England among seeds from that colony. Branches climbing, round, pubescent. Leaves opposite or ternate, elliptical or oblong, acute, somewhat cordate at the base, rather shining above, slightly hairy at the veins and on the petiole beneath. | Panicles terminating the branches, divided, many-flowered, leafless, with small ovate-lanceolate deciduous bractee. Calyx funnel-shaped, somewhat pubescent, with a five-toothed limb. Petals 5, unguiculate, linear, obtuse, bright purple. Stamens far exserted, with slender, coloured filaments. J. L. 1166 COLLÓMIA* linearis. Linear-leaved Collomia. PENTANDRIA MONOGY NI A. Nat. ord. PoLEMONIACER. COLLOMIA Nutt. — Calyx membranaceus, obconicus, 5-fidus, glandu- losus, laciniis 3-veniis. Corolla sub-hypocrateriformis, limbo 5-fido. Stamina intra faucem corolle inserta, ineequalia. Qvarium disco cyathiformi lobato insertum. Capsula trilocularis, 3-valvis, loculicido-dehiscens, axi liberà trialatá. Semina solitaria mucosa. Herbe (Americana), foliis integris, rariüs divisis, floribus sepiüs roseo-luteis, involucratis. À C. linearis ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis integerrimis opacis uniformibus : supe- rioribus subtùs pubescentibus, floribus capitatis, caule ramoso piloso. C. linearis. Nuttall gen. 1. 126. Douglas journ. ined. Annua. Caulis erectus, ramosus, subpubescens, supernè glandulosus. Folia alterna, sessilia, ovato-lanceolata, integerrima, glabra, v. minutissime, presertim superiora, glandulosa. Flores in capitulis terminalibus, glandu- losis, foliis involucratis, aggregati, rariüs axillares, solitarii. Calyces obco- nici, glandulosi, membranacet, angulati, 5-fidi, laciniis angustè ovatis, obtusis, herbaceis, tubo. corolle triplò v. quadruplò brevioribus. Obs. lacimae calycis trivenie, venis lateralibus intramarginalibus, angulis avenüs dia- phanis. Corolla sub-hypocrateriformis, tubo filiformi, rufo, piloso, apice paululum dilatato, limbo plano, roseo, 5-partito, lacinüs brevioribus, ovali- bus, obtusis. Stamina 5, intra faucem tubi inclusa, irregulariter inserta. Anthere oblonge. Ovarium parvum, oblongum, intra discum viridem cyathiformem 5-lobum insertum, 3-loculare, trispermum ; ovulis peltatis. Stylus füiformis, tubi longitudine. Stigma trilobum. Capsula calyce tecta, obovata, 3-locularis, 3-valvis, valvis loculicido-dehiscentibus ab axi trialatá. liberá secedentibus. Semina solitaria, brunnea, hilo faciali, em- bryone plano in axi albuminis cornet, radiculá brevi conicá inferá. Obs. Testa constat è VASIS SPIRALIBUS, numerosissimis mucilagine involutis, tenerrimis, aquá effusá facillimè cum elasticitate prosilientibus, demùm in annulis solitariis undequaque partitis. A neat little hardy annual, more remarkable as a Botanical curiosity than for its beauty. It was found by * So named by Nuttall, from xara, glue, in allusion to the sticky muci- laginous coat of the seeds. VOL. XTV.: H Mr. Douglas in great abundance in North America, from Lake Winipeg to the Western Ocean, between 38° and 49° of northern latitude. It has now almost become naturalised in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, where our drawing was made. If sown at different seasons, it will continue to flower during the whole year, excepting the severest months of winter. The genus Collomia, like several other genera of Po- lemoniaceze, is remarkable for a mucous matter in which the seeds are enveloped: if the seeds are thrown into water, this mucus instantly dilates and forms around them like a cloud, and in a short time acquires a volume greater than that of the seed itself. Upon examining the cause of this singular phenomenon, it will be found to depend upon the presence of an infinite multitude of exceedingly delicate and minute spiral vessels, lying coiled up, spire within spire, on the outside of the testa ; when dry, these vessels are confined upon the surface of the seed by its mucus, without being able to manifest themselves; but the instant water is ap- plied, the mucus dissolves, and ceases to counteract the elasticity of the spiral vessels, which then dart forward at right angles with the testa, each carrying with it a sheath of mucus, in which it for a long time remains enveloped, as if in a membranous case. This observation is particularly interesting, inasmuch as spiral vessels are, we believe, now for the first time seen upon the external surface of a vegetable organ; they have been hitherto supposed to exist solely within the substance of plants, accompanying either the medullary sheath, or the veins which diverge from it, —with one or two exceptions, of which the seed of Casuarina is one. J. L. Note. _ There is another very fine species of this genus in the Gardens, likewise discovered by Mr. Douglas in North-west America, and called by him Col- lomia grandiflora. It differs from the present in its much larger Howers and lucid leaves, and may be specifically characterised thus : — C. grandiflora ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis integerrimis lucidis ciliato- glandulosis, caule ramoso pubescente, capitulis hemisphericis pruinosis, corolla ventricosà: limbo erecto. fab 1167 didis ERIOPHYLLUM* czspitósum. Spreading Eriophyllum. AMETS SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA. Nat. ord. Comrosiræ. $ Helianthese-Heleniese Cassini. ERIOPHYLLUM Lagasca.—Anthodium radiatum. Involucrum mo- nophyllum, campanulatum, 8-dentatum, lanatum. Flosculi radii foeminei, disci hermaphroditi. © Receptaculum conicum, favosum. Pappus paleaceus, 4-dentatus. E. cespitosum ; lanatum, foliis decurrenti-pinnatifidis incisis, superioribus tripartitis integrisve, anthodiis solitariis longé pedunculatis. Actinella lanata. Pursh. fl. Am. sept. 2. 560. Trichophyllum lanatum. Nutt. gen. Amer. 2. 166. Helenium lanatum. Spreng. syst. 3. 574. : Eriophyllum cwspitosum, Douglas journ. ined. Perennis decumbens, cespites densos latosque efformans. Caules teretes, lanati, subflexuosi. Folia gecurrenti-pinnatifida, incisa, laciniis obtusis, supra atroviridia, parce lanata, subtüs RS albo vestita. Anthodia long? pedunculata, terminalia, et axillaria. Involucrum lanatum, campanulatum, angulatum, octo-dentatum. ^ Receptaculum conicum, favosum. Flosculi radii 8, 9, ligulati, lutei, oblongi, apice tridentati, tubo brevi, glanduloso ; ovarium glabrum, arcuatum, subteres, quadratum ; pappus brevis, paleaceus, 4-dentatus; stylus brevis; stigmata duo, linearia, recurva. Flosculi disci hermaphroditi, tubulosi, lutei, extús glandulosi, limbo campanulato, 5-den- tato, tubo subequali; anthere apice appendiculate, basi mutice ; ovarium radii; pappus paleaceus, 4-dentatus. Stylus basi pauld incrassatus, disco parvo insertus. Stigmata 2, Minearia, recurva, intüs sulcata, apice pau- lulum stuposa. Found by Mr. Douglas in North-west America, in abundance, from the sea to the valley of the Rocky Moun- tains, in dry open situations. A handsome, herbaceous, perennial plant, flowering in May and June, a season when there are few yellow border flowers to be seen: it is well adapted for rock- work. * From ze», wool, and Qvadov, a leaf, in allusion to the woolliness of the foliage. By Pursh this plant was referred to Actinella, by Sprengel to Helenium! Nuttall has constituted it a new genus; but Mr. Douglas has ascertained that it is not distinct from Eriophyllum. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society, in May last. A spreading, decumbent plant, forming broad, dense patches. Stems round, woolly, somewhat flexuose. Leaves decurrently pinnatifid, cut, with obtuse segments,. above deep green, sparingly woolly, beneath covered with white wool. Heads on long stalks, axillary and terminal. Zn- volucrum woolly, campanulate, angular, 8-toothed. Re- ceptacle conical, honey-combed. Florets of the ray 8, female, ligulate, yellow, oblong, 3-toothed at the apex, with a short glandular tube; ovarium smooth, arcuate, roundish, square; pappus short, paleaceous, 4-toothed ; style short; stigmata 2, linear, recurved. — Florets of the disk hermaphrodite, tubular, yellow, externally glandular ; limb campanulate, 5-toothed, about equal to the tube; anthers with an appendage at the apex, but none at the base; ovarium and pappus as in the ray. Style slightly ‘incrassated at the base, inserted in a small disk. Stig- mata 2, linear, recurved, channelled inside, a little tufted at the apex. J. L. 1168 ESCHSCHOLTZIA* californica. Mr. Menzies’ Eschscholtzia. ——— d —— POLYANDRIA TETRAGY NIA. Nat. ord. PAPAVERACEA. ESCHSCHOLTZIA Chamisso.— Calyx inferus, indivisus, calyptriformis, deciduus, in apice pedunculi infundibulari carnoso marginato insertus. Petala 4, fauce apicis pedunculi inserta. Stamina circa 40 multiseriata, basibus petalorum inserta. Anthere lineares postice. Stigmata 4, quorum duo placentis opposita depauperata. Pericarpium siliquiforme (Ceratium Nob.), uniloculare, bivalve, valvis ad margines polyspermis. Herba pe- rennis (Americae boreali-occidentalis temperate), radicibus carnosis succosis, foliis decompositis, floribus luteis, Jove pluvio inapertis. Eschscholtzia californica. Chamisso in hor. phys. Berol. p. 73.1.15. Decand. prodr. 3. 344. Radix carnosus, multiceps, succo luteo scatens. Caules decumbentes, ramosi, striati. Folia glauca, triternata, carnosiuscula, laciniis linearibus obtusis. Flores terminales, longissimé pedunculati, Calyx inferus, in apice pedunculi infundibulari, carnoso, marginato, crenulato insertus, membrana- ceus, calyptriformis, deciduus. Petala 4, lutea, basi aürantiaca, cuneata, integra, fauce cavitatis pedunculi inserta. Stamina 10-11, ad basin cu- Jusque petali, serie quadruplici inserta. Filamenta brevia. Anthere pos- tice, innate, lineares, biloculares, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. ^ Ovarium in fundo cavitatis pedunculi, cylindraceum, 10-striatum, uniloculare, pla- centis duabus parietalibus oppositis polyspermis. Stigmata 4, linearia, uorum 2 perfecta placentis alterna, 2 semi-abortiva placentis opposita. ericarpium siliquiforme, bivalve, marginibus valvularum seminiferis. For the introduction of this most lovely plant to our Gardens, we are indebted to Mr. Douglas, who transmitted seed of it to the Horticultural Society, in 1826. It was found by him on the north-west coast of America, from the sources of the Multnomah River, in about 43? north latitude to 40? south, in open prairies on the banks of streams. With us, each plant forms a wide patch of decumbent stems, covered * So named by Chamisso, in honour of Dr. Eschscholtz, the companion of his voyage round the world. with a fine, healthy, glaucous foliage, upon which repose hundreds of rich yellow flowers, unfolding their interior, of a dazzling brightness, under the influence of the sun, but closing at the approach of rain. They begin to open in the early part of June, and continue to appear during the greater part of the year. The species is perfectly hardy, and is propagated readily by seeds, which are produced in abundance. It is requisite to observe the following precau- tions in its management. The seeds should be sown in March, in small pots, and placed in a frame, with a little heat. When the young plants have acquired ten or twelve leaves each, and not before, they should be turned out of their pots in the open border, in the place in which it is intended that they should remain. Afterwards they cannot be readily transplanted, as their root becomes very fleshy and brittle, and bleeds copiously if broken, which must necessarily happen in removing a larger plant. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, in October 1827. Mr. Douglas has communicated the following note upon the subject of Eschscholtzia. ** During the famous expedition of Vancouver, it was found by Mr. Menzies in the Bay of Monterrey, in the autumn of 1792, and sub- sequently in the vieinity of other Presidios on the coast of California. The former of these places being in 36° 35' 45” north latitude, and its northern range 43°, gives it a habitat of 450 miles from north to south, never exceeding a degree of longitude from the coast. It is confined to open, dry, light, or sandy soils, flowering from June until destroyed by frost. It was considéred by Dryander close upon Chelidonium, he not having seen the fruit." With regard to the natural affinity and structure of Eschscholtzia, we now beg to offer a remark or two. It was referred by all its original observers, —that is to say, by Mr. Menzies, who perceived its affinity to a poppy—by Dryander, as Mr. Douglas remarks — and by Chamisso, in the Hore Physicee Berolinenses,—to Papaveracee. But M. Decandolle, unable to reconcile with that order the apparently perigynous insertion of its stamens, has placed it, with doubt, at the end of Loasese, a very different station. Yet if we consider the perfect accordance that it has with Papaveracee in all other respects, its decompound leaves, yellow milky juice, deciduous calyx, 4 petals, with 4 parcels of stamina, and its Glaucium-like fruit, it is impossible to doubt its near relationship to these plants. Indeed we are of opinion, that there is nothing even in the insertion of the stamens which would justify its separation; for, in our view, the funnel-shaped fleshy process on which the calyx, petals, and stamens, are inserted, is neither à part of the calyx nor a form of disk, but rather a peculiar extension of the apex of the peduncle,—a manifest tendency to which is observable in Cheli- donium majus and Hypecoum grandiflorum. But the most remarkable point of structure in Eschscholtzia exists in the pistillum, which appears to us to point out distinctly the real nature of the same organ in Crucifere, and to prove that none of the explanations hitherto offered of the theoretical formation of the pistillum of Crucifere have been true. In order to make this more apparent, it will be necessary to say something upon the structure of the Cruciferous pistillum. ‚It is well known, that in regularly formed fruits the style or stigma universally and necessarily alternates with the placenta, for reasons which it would be superfluous to insist upon in this place. But in Crucifere the stigmata are opposite to the placente, terminating a sort of frame or replum, the two sides of which are often connected by a membranous septum, on the outside of which latter the ovula are arranged in a single row on each side; so that in many of the more highly developed plants of the order there are four placente opposed to each other by pairs, and forming the inner edge of each side of the replum, which itself terminates in the stigmas. To this replum is attached on each side a deciduous plate, or valve as it is called, which has no vascular connexion with either the replum, stigmata, or pedicel. In consequence of this singular arrangement of parts, it has been found extremely difficult to understand the exact nature of the Cruciferous pistillum, or to reduce it to the rules which are known to govern the forma- tion of other compound pistilla. According to Mr. Brown, and after him to M. Decandolle, the pistillum of Crucifere is to be understood to consist of two confluent ovaria, united by their placentee, two lamellee from each of which project into the cavity of the ovarium, and, meeting in the centre, coalesce and form the septum. This, however, does not remove the difficulty of the stigmata being opposite the placente, instead of alternate with them. I am not aware that any explanation of this point has been published by Mr. Brown; but M. De- candolle (Théorie Elémentaire, ed. 1. p. 133) accounts for it thus. He assumes that there are several kinds of simple pistilla, some of which are not to be found in an isolated state, but the possible existence of which he conceives to be demonstrated by certain compound pistilla, that cannot be reduced to their simplest state without the admission of such a position. Among these supposititious simple pistilla is one called the Siliquelle, “ which is formed originally of three pieces, the two lateral producing ovula on their inner surface, and the outer (intermediate) one bearing no ovula; pistilla of this description make up the fruit of Nymphæaceæ, Papaveracee, and Crucifere. When two pistilla of this kind are united by the external edge of their lateral pieces, they form those fruits which are said to have intervalvular placente ; each of these double placente is elon- gated into a style or stigma, simple in appearance, but in reality formed by two half styles grown together." To maintain this theory, it is necessary to assume, in the first place, the existence of a simple pistillum, of a structure not only entirely hypothetical, but opposed to all we know of vegetable organization; and, in the next place, that the stigmata of the order, although so simple in appearance that no trace whatever of composition can be found in them, are nevertheless each composed of two half stigmata in a state of cohesion. To us this explanation has always been unsatisfactory. It was dif- ficult to believe that rules of structure, well ascertained to be uniform in other plants, should be deviated from in Crucifere ; especially when the irregularity observable in the arrangement of other parts of the flower was taken into account: It always appeared more probable, that the anomalous nature of the pistillum depended upon some irregularity cor- responding to that of the stamens, than upon peculiar laws appertaining to Cruciferee alone. This seems to be at length proved by Eschscholtzia, the fruit of which is so similar to that of Cruciferee, that the uniformity of the laws under which they are both formed is not likely to be disputed. In this plant the pistillum is unilocular, with four stigmata, of which the two opposite ones are smaller than the two others. Upon opening this pistillum we find that there are two parietal placente corresponding with the smaller stigmata, and: that there are no placente opposite the larger stigmata; in other words, that it is formed of four simple pistilla, two of which are opposite and ovuli- ferous, with their placentee in the usual place, alternating with themselves; and two nearly abortive, destitute of placentee, consequently not ovuliferous, and so nearly suppressed by the superior energy of their two neighbours, that their existence would have been unknown but for the stigmata which indicate their presence. This is one way of understanding Eschscholtzia ; but as the ovula are not inserted in the placente in a double row, but rather confusedly arranged in several rows, it may also be assumed that the lateral, imperfect, half-obliterated stigmata have a line of placenta, with ovula appertaining to themselves, but so confounded with the placentee of their lateral and more powerful neighbours, that, in consequence of their close approximation, they cannot be distinguished. We, however, incline to the former of these two opinions. Let this be as it may, upon either supposition, the structure of Cruciferous pistilla is, we think, susceptible of explanation. We shall, for convenience, reason upon the former of the two hypotheses. If we compare the fruit of Eschscholtzia and Cruciferee, we shall at first, perhaps, be led to believe that while they have a certain degree of resemblance in some points, they nevertheless differ widely in others of more importance; we find both of them with two opposite parietal placentee, connected with a quaternary arrangement of the other parts of the flower, and that in both instances their placentee are opposite to stigmata. But we also see that in Crucifere dehiscence takes place by the separation of two valves from the sides of the siliqua, leaving the placente undivided ; while in Eschscholtzia it takes place through each placenta, half of which, therefore, adheres to each edge of the two valves into which the fruit finally separates. But if we look into their structure a little more narrowly, we shall perhaps find that these differences are not only capable of reconciliation, but that they explain each other. | _ The fruit of Crucifere is separable into four parts — that is to say, into two valves without stigmata, and two double placente without valves ; in Eschscholtzia there are two valves with placente and stigmata, and two stigmata without valves or placente. But suppose that the two valves of Crucifere had stigmata, as they should have (and a tendency to produce which actually exists in Iberis umbellata), and that the two stigmata of Eschscholtzia had valves, as would be regular, what would then be the dif- ference between the two? it would be reduced to nearly this, that in Esch- scholtzia the two placentiferous pieces would occupy the greater part of the pericarpium, the two sterile valves being very small; while in Crucifere the two placentiferous pieces would be very small, the chief part of the pericarpium being occupied by the sterile valves. To make this more apparent, let the following figures represent an imaginary section of the fruit of both Crucifere and Eschscholtzia ; — : In No. 1, Crucifere, a a represents the position of the stigmata with respect to the placente; b b the two placente; c c the ovula; d d the double septum ; and e e the two valves. In No. 2, Eschscholtzia, a a represents the position of the perfect stigmata with respect to the placente; 5 6 the sides of the pericarpium connecting the placente ; c c the ovula ; d d the position of the two abortive stigmata ; e e the line of pericarpium corresponding with the two abortive stigmata. Now, let the valves of Cruciferee (e e, No. 1) be contracted into the space of a line, and they answer exactly to the line (e e, No. 2) corresponding with the abortive stigmata of Eschscholtzia—let the placente (5 6, No. 1) be widened in proportion as the valves (e e) were contracted, and they will answer exactly to the placentiferous valves of Eschscholtzia (b b, No. 2). For these reasons, it appears to us that the theoretical definition of the fruit of Crucifere should be this :— Pericarpium formed of four confluent pistilla, of which two are placentiferous and furnished with stigmata, and two destitute of placente and stigmata, but separable in the form of valves. J. L. 1169 DRAC/ÉNA* surculósa. Long-shooting Dracena. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. ASPARAGER., DRACZENA L.— Supra, vol. 12. fol. 956. D. surculosa; surculis longis teretibus annulatis subaphyllis, foliis oblongis acuminatis subverticillatis, racemis terminalibus corymbosis. Frutex 3-4-pedalis, surculos quotannis promens, 2-pedales, teretes, dia- metro }-unciali, apice foliosos, per totam longitudinem cicatricibus squa- marum deciduarum annulatos. Folia oblonga, acuminata, breviter pedicellata, sepiüs hic illic ternatim approximata, inde quasi verticillata. Racemi ter- minales, corymbosi. Flores albi, Sanseviere propius accedentes quàm Dracene, et fructu perfect mox genus novum condituri. A very handsome, shrubby, stove, monocotyledonous plant, exhibiting, in a small space, what may be termed a model of the plan upon which the gigantic Palms of the Tropics are formed. It rarely flowers, and has never yet produced fruit: it is probable that the latter will shew that it constitutes a genus distinct from Dracena, to which it is referred on account of its habit rather than of its fruc- tification, which approaches that of Sanseviera. A native of Sierra Leone, whence it was sent to the Horticultural Society by Mr. George Don, in 1821. Our drawing was made in the Chiswick Garden, in July 1827, A shrub, growing 3 or 4 feet high, and producing yearly slender suckers, about 2 feet long, in appearance re- sembling those of Asparagus, but hard, deep green, about * Draceena is derived from the Greek name of a dragon, Jedxwy, in con- sequence of some of the genus having been supposed to produce the drug * dragon's blood." This was, however, a mistake. 4 inch in diameter, strongly marked all over by the scars of the fallen scales with which the suckers are clothed when they first appear. Leaves oblong, acuminate, on short pedicels, often approximated here and there by threes, whence they acquire a sort of whorled appearance. Racemes terminal, corymbose. Flowers white. J. L. 1170 1170 GÍLIA* capitáta. Capitate Gilia. PENTANDRIA .MONOGY NIA. Nat. ord. POLEMONIACELZ, GILIA Fl. Per. — Calyx membranaceus, obconicus, 5-fidus, glaber, laciniis univeniis. Corolla infundibularis, 5-fidus, Stamina sinubus corollee inserta. Ovarium annulo obscuro circumdatum. Capsula trilocularis, 3-valvis, loculicido dehiscens, axi libera trialatá. Semina cuique loculo plura, mucosa. Herbe (Americane) foliis divisis, floribus sepias ceruleis, nudis. G. capitata ; glabra, foliis bi-pinnatifidis: segmentis linearibus incisis, floribus sessilibus densé capitatis. Hooker in bot. mag. t. 2698. Caulis erectus, bipedalis, teres, ramosus, undique glanduloso-pilosus. Folia irregulariter bi-tripinnatifida, glabra, laciniis lineari-lanceolatis sub- Jalcatis, sep? hinc incisis; suprema palmata laciniis linearibus. Flores terminales, spicá nudá, longè pedunculatd, basi ramosá, dens? capitatá, ovatá aggregati. Calyx inferus, obconicus, membranaceus, angulatus, limbo erecto, 5-fido, laciniis ovatis, viridibus, marginatis, medio univeniis, corollá multo brevioribus. Corolla hypogyna, cerulea, infundibularis, limbo erecto, 5-partito, laciniis linearibus, acutis. Stamina 5, sinubus corolle inserta, eáque breviora. Anthere cerulee, ovales, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ovarium minimum, subrotundum, disco obscuro annulari circumdatum, tri- loculare, ovulis cuique loculo pluribus, peltatis. Stylus filiformis, staminibus brevior. Stigma trilobum. Capsula oblonga, calyce persistente vestita, ovalis, papyracea, 3-locularis, 3-valvis, valvis medio intüs carinatis, cariná angulis axeos libere triquetre adversd. Semina cuigue loculo quatuor, oblonga, mutuá compressione angulata, epidermine mucilagine tenaci aquá Jacillime solubili scatente. Common all over the face of the north-west country of North America, where it was discovered by Mr. Douglas. A pretty, hardy annual, with lively blue flowers, beginning to appear about the middle of June, and remaining in * Named in honour of Philip Gil, a Spaniard, who published at Rome, in conjunction with Casparo Xuarez, phytological observations upon various exotic plants cultivated about Rome. The work appeared in quarto, in 1789. perfection for fully three months. Our drawing was made in-the Garden of the Horticultural Society. Stem erect, 2 feet high, round, branched, covered all over with glandular hairs. Leaves irregularly twice or thrice pinnatifid, smooth, with linear-lanceolate subfalcate segments, often cut on one side; the upper palmate, with linear segments. Flowers terminal, in a naked, long- stalked spike, which is branched at the base, densely capitate, and ovate. Calyx inferior, obconical, mem- branous, angular, with an erect, 5-cleft limb, ovate green . segments, with a membranous margin, and a single vein in the middle, much shorter than the corolla. Corolla hypogynous, blue, funnel-shaped; limb erect, 5-parted, with linear, acute segments. Stamens 5, inserted into the sinuses of the corolla, than which they are shorter. Anthers blue, oval, bursting lengthwise. ^ Ovarium very small, surrounded by an obscure annular disk, roundish, 3-celled, with several peltate ovula in each cell. Style filiform, shorter than the stamens. Stigma 3-lobed. Capsule ob- long, covered by the persistent calyx, oval, papery, 3-celled, 3-valved, with the valves carinate in the middle of the inside, the keels being opposite to the angles of a separate 3-winged axis. Seeds 4 in each cell, oblong, angular on account of their mutual compression, with an epidermis abounding in a tenacious mucilage, which readily dissolves in water. Joli Hg / A, ap thd Ji 77 map LA 1171 AMELANCHIER* sanguinea. Red-wooded Amelanchier. Aas ee ICOSANDRIA PENTAGY NIA. Nat. ord. RosaAcEx. $ Pomacee. AMELANCHIER Med. Lindl. — Calyx 5-dentatus. Petala lanceo- lata. Ovarium decem-loculare. Ovula solitaria. Pomum 3-5-loculare, endocarpio cartilagineo. Arbuscule (Europe et Americe septentri- onalis) Folia simplicia, serrata, decidua. Flores racemosi, compacti, terminales, v. laterales. Bractee lineari-lanceolate, decidue. Stamina calyce sepé breviora. Styli glabri. Loculi angulo interiore (facie) pilosi. Lindl, in Linn. Trans. 13. 100. A. sanguinea; foliis oblongis utrinque rotundatis arguté serratis semper ort bracteis stipulisque plumosis, racemis capitatis, calycibus extüs glabris. Mespilus canadensis 8. rotundifolia. Mich. fi. bor. Am. 1. 291. Pyrus sanguinea. Ph. fl. Am. sept. 1. 340. Spreng. syst. 2. 509. Aronia sanguinea. ^ Nutt. gen. 1. 306. _Amelanchier? sanguinea. : Decand. prodr. 2. 633. `> Frutex deciduus, 3-4-pedalis in horto, ramis rubris. Folia oblonga, utrique obtusa, semper glabra, argute serrulata, demüm subcoriacea (more Amelanchierum), Stipule plumose, decidue. Racemi terminales, coarc- tati v. capitati, glabri, bracteis deciduis, plumosis. Calyces extüs glabri, intüs lanati. Petala lineari-oblonga, subcuneata. Fructus pisiformes, ovati, atropurpurei. A handsome hardy shrub, resembling the Snowy Mespilus in general appearance, but distinguished from that, and all other species of the genus, by: its young leaves being perfectly destitute of pubescence. A native of Hudson's Bay, whence living plants were * Amelanchier is, according to Clusius, a Piedmontese word ; it has long been enlisted into the service of Botany as a specific name, and more recently has been used as the generic appellation of the group of which the original Amelanchier is the type. sent to the Horticultural Society by William Williams, Esq., Governor of Moose Factory, in 1824. We possess specimens collected by the late Mr. Frazer, in the southern states of North America ; and Pursh gives the banks of the Columbia as another station : but it is to be suspected that he confounded with it two very distinct - species seen by Mr. Douglas in that country. A deciduous shrub, growing in the garden 3 or 4 feet high, with red branches. Leaves oblong, obtuse at each end, always smooth, finely serrulated, finally subcoriaceous, like the other Amelanchiers. Stipules plumose, deciduous. Racemes terminal, contracted or capitate, smooth, with deciduous, plumose bractee. Calyres externally smooth, internally woolly. Petals linear-oblong, somewhat cuneate. Fruit pea-shaped, ovate, deep purple. J. L. 1172 CATTLEYA* crispa. Curled-petaled Cattleya. ~~ GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. Orcnıpex. $ Epidendree Lindl. CATTLEYA. Supra, vol. 11. fol. 953. C. crispa; perianthii laciniis exterioribus lanceolatis unguiculatis: interiori- bus latioribus undulatis crispis, labello crispo acuminato. Folium solarium, bulbo subcylindraceo, angulato insidens, oblongo- lanceolatum, emarginatum. Spica, ex azilld foli, 4-5-flora. Perianthii lacinie albe, exteriores lineari-lanceolate, unguiculate, interioribus undu- latis crispis angustiores. Labellum acuminatum, intüs atropurpureum, margine quàm maximé crispa. This splendid epiphyte was sent from Rio Janeiro to the Horticultural Society by Sir Henry Chamberlayne, Bart. in 1826. It flowered in the stove in the Chiswick Garden in August 1827. It is very distinct from all the other species of Cattleya, both in colour and in the form of the labellum and other segments of the flower. There are now five species of Cattleya upon record. Cultivated in decayed vegetable mould, in which it grows freely. Leaf solitary, seated on a subcylindrical, angular bulb, oblong-lanceolate, emarginate. Spike of 4 or 5 flowers, from the axilla of the leaf. Segments of the perianthium white, the outer linear-lanceolate, unguiculate, narrower than the inner, which are wavy and curled at the edges. Labellum acuminate, deep purple inside, with an exceed- ingly curled margin. JL i i illi | in Hert- * So called in compliment to William Cattley, Esq., of Barnet, in fordshire, a great sate of Botany, and the most ardent collector of rare plants of his day. 1173 STREPTOCARPUS* Réxii. Cape Streptocarpus. DIANDRIA MONOGY NIA. Nat. ord. BIGNONIACEZ. $ Didymocarpee. STREPTOCARPUS. — Calyx pentaphyllus equalis. Corolla tubu- loso-infundibularis, fauce ventricosá, limbo obliquo 5-lobo, subeequali. Stamina duo anteriora fertilia, antheris glabris connatis loculis divaricatis ; duo superiora sterilia tuberculiformia. Ovarium rectum, lineare, teres, uniloculare, placentis duabus didymis, lamellis in medio conniventibus dis- sepimentum spurium formantibus utrinque revolutis in margine ovuliferis ; hinc ovarium quasi 4-loculare. Stylus linearis compressus. Stigma bila- biatum dilatatum, lobis reniformibus marginatis, inferiore majore. Capsula siliquosa, spiraliter torta, structurá ovarii, loculicidd dehiscens, polysperma. Semina numerosissima, minuta, glabra ; matura non vidi. Herba cespi- tosa, acaulis. Folia humifusa rugosa. Flores axillares è racemo sessili peliolo adnato prodeuntes. ! Streptocarpus Rexii. Didymocarpus Rexii. Hooker, Exotic Flora, t. 227. Herba acaulis, perennis, sempervirens, cespitosa. Folia rugosa, ovato- oblonga, crenata, 6-9 uncias longa, 3-4 uncias lata, subsessilia, villosa, venis subtüs crassis prominentibus, pallidis. Pedunculi ex axillis foliorum erecti, purpurei, pilosi, sex uncias alti, versüs apicem bibracteolati. Flores in initio penduli, mox cernui, demüm post anthesin erecti. Calyx inferus, 5-sepalus, pubescens, Corolla 2 uncias longa, infundibularis, recta, pubescens, limbo 5-lobo obliquo, lobis rotundatis subaequalibus, inferioribus medio ad basin atropurpureo penicillatis. Stamina duo, inferiora medio tubi inserta, in- clusa; filamentis linearibus, apice arcuatis; antheris reniformibus, bilocu- laribus, connatis. Stamina duo, superiora, tuberculiformia. Discus parvus, hypogynus, annularis. Ovarium teres, subulatum, purpureum, pubescens, uniloculare, placentis duabus parietalibus, didymis, conniventibus, utrinque revolutis, in margine ovuliferis. Stylus linearis, pubescens, compressus. Stigma reniforme, bilabiatum, cucullatum, fimbriatum, labio inferiore majore. Capsula erecta, 5 uncias longa, teres, cylindracea, spiraliter torta, structurá interiore omnind ovarii. Semina minuta, glabra. * From orgerros, twisted, and xagms, fruit. Rexii, according to Dr. Hooker, is in compliment to George Rex, Esq., a gentleman upon whose lands, at the Knysna, in South Africa, it was discovered by Mr. Bowie. VOL. XIV. I A beautiful stove perennial plant, flowering every month in the year in the utmost profusion. It rivals in this respect the Gloxinia speciosa, while it surpasses it in the elegance of its figure, and the delicacy of its colouring. It is easily cultivated in light peat and loam, with a little sand; and is increased by seeds, which are produced in great quantities from the singularly twisted pods. Our drawing was made in June 1827, in the Hothouse of the Comte de Vandes, at Bayswater. From Didymocarpus this genus differs in having a 5-leaved, not 5-lobed, calyx; a stigma consisting of two reniform, unequal lips, not simple; and finally, a long, spirally twisted fruit, not a straight, comparatively short one. After a careful inspection of the ovarium and nearly ripe fruit of this plant, we are persuaded that the genera to which it is allied have no sufficient peculiarities to distinguish them from Bigno- niacex. The characters which have been relied upon by Mr. Don as distinctive of his Didymocarpee, are a supposed 4-celled fruit, a simple stigma, and numerous minute round seeds, with a radi- cule longer than the cotyledons. But we have long since shewn that the fruit is certainly not more than bilocular, the two sup- posed additional cells being produced by the projection of the lamelle of the placente, as in Martynia and similar plants; this was stated from an examination of ripe fruit only: but it now appears from the ovarium of Streptocarpus, that, in that genus at least, the fruit is in fact only unilocular, there being no cohesion between the placenta during the period of flowering. In the struc- ture of their capsule, therefore, Didymocarpee do not differ from Bignoniacex. In Streptocarpus the stigma is 2-lipped, the lips being unequal and reniform; the character of a simple stigma ascribed to Didymocarpex is therefore untenable. That derived from the proportion borne by the radicule to the. cotyledons, is obviously insufficient by itself to distinguish Didymocarpee as an order ; but it may be used advantageously as a sectional character. It should be observed, that the above remarks do not apply to Cyrtandra, and the plants related to it, with baccate fruit, which may. perhaps be allowed to constitute a distinct order, of which we must wait for another opportunity of speaking. J. L. 1174 COLLOMIA grandiflóra. Large-flowered Collomia. tie PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. POLEMONIACER. COLLOMIA. — Supra, vol. 14. fol. 1166. C. grandiflora ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis integerrimis lucidis ciliato-glandu- losis, caule ramoso pubescente, capitulis hemisphericis pruinosis, corollà ventricosà : limbo erecto. Lindley, supra, fol. 1166, in notá. C. grandiflora. Douglas journal ined. Caulis erectus, teres, ramosus, purpureus, in solo pingui 2-pedalis, versüs Jastigium pubescens. ^ Folia ovato-lanceolata, sessilia, glanduloso-ciliata, suprà lucida. Flores in capitulis hemisphericis aggregati, foliis bractei- Sormibus undique glandulis irroratis involucrati. Calyx villosus, glandu- losus, infundibularis. Corolla C. linearis, sed ocrea, 3-pld major, ventricosa, limbo erecto. Capsule 3-valves, calyce incluse, triloculares, trisperme, dehiscentid loculicidd. Semimä oblonga, fasca, facie sulcata, mucosa, sed minds quàm C, linearis. . f . i * A much finer species of Collomia than that figured in the last Number, discovered by Mr. Douglas in the north- west of North America, in all the country bordering on the river Columbia, as far to the eastward as the valleys of the Rocky Mountains, but not beyond that great di- viding ridge. : It is a hardy annual, flowering abundantly in June and July. It grows about 2 feet high, and should be cul- tivated in a shady border in any poor soil among other plants. If in hot, dry, and exposed places, it is apt to perish before flowering or ripening its seeds. If in rich soil, it produces too many leaves and too few flowers. The glandular fringes of the leaves and bractex are a pretty microscopic object. Stem erect, round, branched, purple, in rich soil be- coming 2 feet high, towards the summit pubescent. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, sessile, ciliated with glands, shining on the upper surface. Flowers collected in hemispherical heads, surrounded with floral leaves frosted all over with glands. Calyx villous, glandular, funnel-shaped. Corolla like that of Collomia linearis, but three times as large, and ofa yellow-ochre colour, inflated, and with an erect limb. Capsules 3-valved, included in the calyx, 3-celled, 3-seeded, with a loculicidal dehiscence. Seeds oblong, brown, furrowed along the face, mucous, but less so than those of Collomia linearis. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society, where it was received from Mr. Douglas, in April 1826. | J. k MP NP, HL A A K Af A 1175 LÍPARIS* eláta. Tull Liparis. — (e ii— GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. OrcniDezx. $ Malaxidee. LIPARIS. — Supra, vol. 11. fol. 882. L. elata; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis undulatis plicatis, bracteis foliaceis reflexis, labello obcordato bituberculato, caulibus ovatis. : Herba terrestris, caules ovatos, breves, cicatrizatos efformans. Folia" oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, undulata, plicata, glabra, basi vaginantia, pedales v. circiter. Scapus erectus, simplex, bipedalis, angulatus, angulis alatis. Spica cylindracea, sensim elongata, apice nutans, Bractew ovate, virides, reflexe, ovario breviores. Perianthium patens; sepala exteriora fusca, supremo lineari apice recurvo, inferioribus brevioribus, oblongis, obtusis, labello suppositis, collateralibus, basi connatis, apice recurvis ; interiora linearia, convexa, divaricata, supremi longitudine. Labellum car- nosum, ungue viridi, suberecto, canaliculato, bicorni, disco reflexo, obcordato, fusco. Columna erecta, arcuata, semiteres, antice ante stigma parvum concavum alata. Pollinia 4, cereacea, glanduld retinaculoque nullis. For this species of Liparis we are indebted to the researches of Sir Henry Chamberlain, who discovered it ‘near Rio Janeiro, whence he sent it to the Horticultural Society in 1826. It is a tender stove herbaceous plant, growing freely in decayed wood, and flowering in July and August. In the genus Liparis there is a section, consisting of the Cymbidium bituberculatum of Dr. Hooker, the Ma- laxis odorata of Willdenow, the Malaxis Rheedii of the same author, and the present plant, the species of which are extremely difficult to distinguish from each other. The present is particularly characterised by its short ovate * Perhaps derived from »;zag»;, unctuous, in allusion to the soft surface of the leaves of some species: M. Richard does not explain the name. stems, or bulbs, as they are often called, its obcordate labellum, and long green bractez. . These species of Liparis have already been in part indicated at fol. 882 of this work, in which all the Isle of France and Madagascar species of M. du Petit Thouars are also taken up. We have, therefore, been surprised at finding the same species lately described with the same names, by our good friend M. Achille Richard, who was of course ignorant of the prior claim on our part to the names of the species he has distin- guished. 4. E. "ae ^ 1176 BERBERIS* répens. Creeping-rooted Berberry. — HEXANDRIA MONOGYNTA. Nat. ord. BERBERIDER. BERBERIS. — Supra, vol. 6. fol. 487. B. repens ; foliis pinnatis 2-3-jugis; foliolis subrotundo-ovatis opacis spinoso- dentatis glaucis, fasciculis diffusis, radice repente. Frutex humilis, ramosus, erectus. Folia sempervirentia, nunc ternata, sepiüs bi-trijuga, cum impare ; foliolis glabris, ovato-subrotundis, spinoso- dentatis, utrinque glaucis, nullo modo lucidis, Racemi terminales, fascicu- lati, diffusi, & gemmis squamaceis orti. Flores lutei. ae A native of the north-western part of North America, where.it was originally found by the party accompanying Captains Lewis.and Clarke in their expedition across the continent of America. From seeds procured on that occasion plants were raised in America, which have lately been sold into Europe at the rate of twenty-five dollars each. One of these now growing in the Garden of the Horticultural Society afforded our figure and the opportunity of examining the species: it had been purchased of Mr. Michael Floy, Nurseryman at New York, under the name of Berberis aquifolium. It appears, however, from the researches of Mr. Douglas, that this is not the true B. aquifolium. That species was described by Pursh, in part from an inspection of specimens in the collection of Captain Lewis, but chiefly from the Banksian Herbarium, in which it had been placed by Mr. Menzies, who discovered it on the * Berbérys, according to Golius, as quoted by De Theis, is the Arabic name of the fruit. north-west coast of America. From this last source the drawing in the Flora America Septentrionalis was also taken. It is probable that the specimens in Captain Lewis's Herbarium were of the plant now under consideration ; but it is also certain that those of Mr. Menzies belong to a very distinct species. Hence it seems that Pursh con- founded two plants under the same name. That he intended to call Captain Lewis's plant B. aquifolium, there can be no doubt; but it is equally certain, that in consequence of his having figured Mr. Menzies' species, the world now applies the name to the latter. This being the case, it has become necessary to distinguish the former by a new name, which has been suggested by its singular property of creeping at the root; a habit peculiar to this species among Berberries. A hardy, evergreen shrub, flowering in April ; propa- gated, but with difficulty, by its creeping roots. Branches short, stiff; erect. Leaves evergreen, sometimes ternate, more frequently of two or three pairs, with an odd one; leaflets ovate, roundish, with spiny teeth, glaucous on each side, in no degree shining. Racemes terminal, fascicled, diffuse, arising out of scaly buds. Flowers yellow. Ie SU "77 1177 DAPHNE* hybrida. Mule Daphne. OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. THYMELER. DAPHNE. — Supra, vol. 10. fol. 822. D. hybrida; foliis ovalibus coriaceis utrinque ramisque glabris, floribus sessilibus aggregatis, calycis tubo tomentoso ; laciniis ovatis. With this plant we are acquainted only through the information of Mr. William Rogers, Nurseryman, of South- ampton, who gives the following account of it : — ** [t is called by the French Florists Daphne Delphi- nium, but nothing is known of its origin. It approaches nearest to D. odora and olezfolia, but differs from both of them in its leaves, and its darker, larger, and more fragrant flowers. It is in blossom almost all the year, and is stated to be quite hardy." To us it appears intermediate between D. odora and D. collina. At all events it is a desirable plant, on account of its delicious fragrance. J. L. * Daphne is the Greek name of the Ruscus racemosus, or Alexandrian Laurel, into which the virgin Daphne was changed when she fled from the importunities of Apollo. Why the name has been applied to the shrubs now so called, it is not easy to say. x SS AA T EN EN ee 1178 TELLIMA* grandifidra. Largeflowered Tellima. DECANDRIA DIGY NIA. Nat. ord. SAXIFRAGEE. TELLIMA R. Brown. —Calyx conicus, inflatus, semisuperus, 5-den- tatus. Petala 5, laciniata, Stamina decem. Styli 29. Stigmata angulata. Capsula, semisupera, vestita, unilocularis, apice bivalvis, placentis parietalibus polyspermis. Herbee (Americe septentrionalis) perennes, sempervirentes. Folia longè petiolata, lobata. Flores racemosi, herbacei. T. grandiflora. Douglas journ. ined. Mitella grandiflora. Pursh fl. Am. sept. 1.314. Spreng. syst. 2. 361. Herba sempervirens, acaulis, radicibus fibrosis, fasciculatis. Folia subrotundo-cordata, subquinqueloba, dentata, succulenta, plana, pilosius- cula, longé petiolata, petiolis villosis. Scapi 2-pedales, erecti, foliosi, pilosi, apice racemosi. Racemi secundi. Bractes minute, squamiformes. Flores Aerbacei, fenum novum leviter olentes. Calyx semisuperus, te adherente obconico pubescente; liberá inflatd, ovatd, 5-dentatd. Petala laciniata, inter dentes calycis inserta. Stamina 10, equalia, inclusa, calycis Sauce infra petala inserta. Discus obsoletus. Ovarium semisuperum, ovatum, bilobum, placentis duabus parietalibus polyspermis in parte su- periore tantum. Styli duo, Stigmata simplicia, subcapitata, angulata. Capsula membranacea, semisupera, unilocularis, apice bivalvis ; placentis duabus parietalibus. Semina parva, fusca, testá cartilagineé extüs reticu- lata ; embryo in axi albuminis carnosi, radiculá hilo oppositá. A hardy perennial plant, found originally by Mr. Menzies on the north- west coast of North America, and subsequently discovered by Mr. Douglas in the same country, in the midst of dense shady woods, growing among Hypnum, near streams, and sent to the Horticul- tural Society in 1826. Its flowers appear in April and May : they exhale a faint odour of new hay; and, although * Tellima appears to be an anagram of Mitella, the genus from which this is divided by Mr. Brown. not strikingly beautiful, are extremely pretty when exa- mined carefully. The plant has the same habit as the common Heuchera americana, and requires the same kind of cultivation. It loves a shady peat border, in which it is protected from high winds, which are apt to injure its brittle stems and leaves. Mr. Douglas has observed it producing young plants from the base of the leaves; an economy we have not noticed in it in this country. With us it is propagated by seed and division of the roots. Our drawing was made in the Chiswick Garden, in April of the present year. Mr. Brown remarks of this genus, that it is near Heuchera and Vahlia of Thunberg, of which Oldenlandia pentandria of Retzius is an undoubted species. LL 1179. 1179 LONICÉRA* involucráta. Involucred Lonicera. — a PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. CAPRIFOLIACEE. LONICERA Linn. (Xylosteon Munch.) — Calyx superus, 5-den- tatus, deciduus. Corolla infundibularis, limbo 5-partito erecto, basi sac- cata. Stamina 5. . Ovarium triloculare, loculis omnibus pariter poly- spermis. Bacca succosa, bilocularis.——Frutices erecti (Asie et Americe temperate) floribus roseis albisve, vix odoratis. L. involucrata ; folis oblongis obtusis. in basi acuminatis subtüs pilosis, floribus didymis bracteis duabus magnis ovatis basi imbricantibus in- volucratis, Xylosteum involucratum. Richardson in Franklin's Appendix, p. 733. L. involucrata. Hb. Banks. Spreng. syst. 1. 759. Frutex demissus, 2-3-pedalis, ramis brevibus subtetragonis. Folia op- posita, oblonga, obtusa, in basi acuminata, inde quasi obovata, suprà glabra, subtüs subpilosa. Flores didymi, sessiles intra involucrum è bracteis duabus conflatum, longè pedunculatum ; pedunculis bracteatis, Bractes involucri, opposite, distincte, basibus imbricatis, ovate, subtüs subpilosc, florum longi- tudine; bracteole due, exterioribus alterne, ovariis arcté applicite, glandu- lose, subrotunde, emarginate, queque verosimiliter ex duabus connatis. Flores sessiles, didymi, in sinu bractearum. Calyx margo deciduus. Corolla infundibularis, extis pilosa, basi saccata, limbo 5-partito, suberecto, inequali, laciniá cui saccus pertinet, anteriore majore. Stamina 5, equalia, medio tubi inserta, laciniis limbi alterna ; filamenta filiformia ; anthere lineares, innate, biloculares, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ovarium ovatum, liberum à proximo, bi-v. 3-loculare, ovulis appensis, cuique loculo quatuor v. quinque. Stylus filiformis, declinatus; stigma capitatum, obscure bilobum, v. trilo- bum. Bacca nigra, 1-2-sperma, succosa, fetens. This curious hardy shrub was sent, in 1824, to the Horticultural Society by William Williams, Esq., late * Adam Lonicer, a Frankfort Botanist, was born in 1528, and died in 1586. He published an ancient herbal, with corrections from the hand of Dorsten, and additions of his own, under the name of * Krauterbuch, which appeared in folio at Frankfort in 1573: a second edition was pub- lished in 1737, by Balthazar John Ehrhart. Governor of Moose Factory, in Hudson's Bay. It flowered in the Chiswick Garden, in May 1827, at which time the accompanying drawing was made. In the Gardens it forms a low, rather scrubby, bush; and requires to be cultivated in peat earth, in a shady border, among other shrubs. If placed in an exposed situation it becomes scorched. Dr. Richardson found this plant in the woody country of North America, extending from latitude 54? north to 64”. Mr. Douglas also observed it abundantly on the shores of Lake Winipeg: he likewise found a slight variety very common along the coast of the Pacific, and. upon the banks of the Columbia, from 40? to. 49? north latitude, growing in rocky situations, on the banks of streams, among gravel. | _ We have no means of ascertaining whether the Loni- cera Ledebourii of Eschscholtz, collected by Chamisso at Port San Francisco, in New California, is the same as, L. involucrata, as M. Schlechtendahl seems to suspect; that part of the Linnea in which it is described not having reached us. Many Botanists apply the name of Xylosteum to this group of Caprifoliacee, suppressing that of Lonicera alto- gether. But this appears inexpedient and unnecessary ; it is better to apply the name of Lonicera to the eréct species,. with short flowers, a deciduous calyx, and a 3-celled ovarium, changing to a 2-celled berry ; while Caprifolium is given to the twining species, the true Honey- suckles, with long tubular flowers, a persistent calyx, and a 3-celled ovarium, changing to a 1-celled berry. J. L. E a 1/87, 1180 EUTOCA* multifiéra. Many-flowered Eutoca. PENTANDRIA MONOGY NI A. Nat. ord. HYDROPHYLLEZ. R, Br. EUTOCA R. Br. — Calyx 5-partitus sinubus edentulis. Capsula polysperma. Herbe annue, pubescentes, eglandulose. Folia alterna, sepiüs pinnatifida, nunc indivisa ! Racemi terminales et quandoque à sum- mis alis, secundi, ebracteati, novelli spiraliter revoluti. R. Brown, in Franklin's Appendix, p. 764. E. multiflora ; foliis linearibus scabris, inferioribus tripartitis pinnatifidisve, racemis secundis multifloris, capsulis ovatis, stylo hirsuto. ; E. multiflora. Douglas journ. ined. Caulis erectus, pubescens, ramosus. Folia pilosa, scabra, sessilia, supe- riora linearia, subintegerrima, inferiora tripartita vel pinnatifida. Flores in racemis elongantibus secundis dispositi, pallidè cerulei. Calyx inferus, 5-phyllus, sepalis linearibus pilosis; pilis simplicibus, acicularibus, non basi bulbosis. Corolla monopetala, hypogyna, campamulata, 5-loba, lobis erectis rotundatis, squamulis decem ad basin tubi per paria collateralibus conniventibus, lobis oppositis. Stamina ¿má basi corolle inserta, lobis corolle alterna; filamenta filiformia, corollá pauld longiora, -pilis paucis brevibus subcapitatis conspersa. Anthere ovate, cordate, antice, bilocu- lares, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Pollen sphericum, glaberrimum. Ova- rium ovatum, uniloculare, pilosum, placentis duabus parietalibus poly- spermis. Stylus pilosus, bifidus. Stigmata 2, simplicia. Capsula ovata, calyce persistente brevior, subcompressa, acuta, pilosiuscula, polysperma, placentis duabus parietalibus ; semina exacte ut in E. Franklinü, parva, oblonga, reticulata ; embryo teres in axi albuminis carnosi. Common in dry places, in the most exposed sandy situations, in the north-west of North America, according to Mr. Douglas, by whom it was discovered, and sent to the Horticultural Society in 1826, in whose Garden at Chis- ` wick the accompanying drawing was made in May 1828. A hardy annual, of great beauty, flowering from April * Apparently from sóróxos, fruitful, in allusion to the number of seeds Which it bears. till July, and resembling some small Echium in appear- ance. It is well adapted to rock-work, but will not thrive in the ordinary highly-manured soil of a garden. It is propagated by seeds, which are produced sparingly. This species appears to be very near the Eutoca Menziesii of Brown ; but Mr. Douglas informs us that he has determined them to be distinct. Stem erect, pubescent, branched. Leaves hairy, scabrous, sessile, the upper linear and nearly entire, the lower 3-parted or pinnatifid. Flowers arranged in lengthening unilateral racemes, pale blue. Calyx inferior, 5-leaved ; sepals linear, shaggy, with acicular simple hairs, which are not bulbous at the base. Corolla monopetalous, hypo- gynous, campanulate, with 5 erect, rounded lobes, and 10 scales at the base of the tube, which are placed side by side in pairs opposite the lobes. Stamens inserted at the base of the corolla; filaments filiform, hairy. Style hairy. J. L. 1181 BILLBERGIA* pyramidális ; var. bicolor. Two-coloured Pyramidal Billbergia. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. BaomeLI DIA BILLBERGIA. — Supra, vol. 13. fol. 1068. B. pyramidalis; caule erecto : bracteis. magnis spathaceis coloratis, spica subcapitatá ebracteatä. i Billbergia pyramidalis. Lindl. suprà, vol. 13. fol. 1068, in notá. Bromelia nudicaulis. Supra, vol. 3. fol. 203. Bromelia pyramidalis, Bot. mag. 1732. rig &. bicolor; petalis obtusis bicoloribus, foliis magis acuminatis. Y. “ xs This appears to be a variety distinct from that repre- sented at fol. 203 of this work, from which it differs in the more obtuse figure of the petals, and in their colour; the leaves also appear to be more taper-pointed. It is a native of some part of South America, and highly deserving of cultivation on account of the great beauty of its flowers. | Our drawing was made in April 1827, in a stove in the Nursery of Mr. Samuel Brookes, of Ball’s Pond, Islington. LL * Named by Thunberg after Gustavus John Billberg, a Swedish Botanist, whom he calls * Botanicus longè celeberrimus, Flore Suecicee elegantissimee Auctor meritissimus." VOL XIV. K 1182 . CLIVIA* nobilis. Scarlet Clivia. —— ———— HEXANDRIA MONOGY N14. Nat. ord. AMARYLLIDER. CLIVIA. — Perianthium tubulosum, sexpartitum, deciduum, laciniis imbricantibus; exterioribus paulo brevioribus. Stamina sex, eequalia, perianthio basin versús inserta; filamenta subulata, subinclusa ; anthere versatiles. ^ Ovarium 3-loculare polyspermum. Fructus baccatus, inde- hiscens, monospermus. Semen carnosum; subrotundum. Herba (Ca- pensis), radicibus fasciculatis, foliis distichis, floribus umbellatis pendulis. Scapo plano-convexo ! C. nobilis. - Radices carnosi, fasciculati. Folia disticha, coriacea, atroviridia, ligu- lata, basi vaginantia, apice retusa obliqua, margine scabra. Scapus erectus, plano-convexus, marginatus, versús fastigium sulcatus. Flores circiter 48 v. 50, longè pedunculati, umbellati, penduli. Perianthium tubu- losum, clavatum, deciduum, laciniis luteo-coccineis, apice virescentibus, obtusis, duplici ordine imbricatis, versüs basin: connatis, exterioribus paulo brevioribus, Lachenalie modo. Stamina 6, fauce tubi inserta, equalia ; filamenta glabra; anthere parve, ovales, viridi-lutee, versatiles. Ovarium inferum, luteo-viride, 3-loculare, polyspermum, sphericum, ventricosum ; ovula plurima versús basin axeos inserta; stylus filiformis ; stigma sub- trilobum.. Fructus baccatus, indehiscens, ruber, sepiüs, loculis 2, ovulisque plurimis abortientibus, monospermus; apice perianthio deciduo cicatrizatus, Semen unicum, ascendens, (maturum non vidi) glaberrimum, hyalinum, ovale; hilo parvo suprabasilari; foramine basilari; raphe brevi, elevatd. Testa junior minutissime areolata; albumen copiosum. Embryo...... t This noble plant is supposed to have been one of the discoveries of Mr. Bowie at the Cape of Good Hope, * We have named this genus in compliment to her Grace the Duchess of Northumberland, to whom we are greatly indebted for an opportunity of publishing it. Such a compliment has long been due to the noble family of Clive; and we are proud in having the honour of being the first to pay it. from some of the inner districts of which colony it was probably procured. The plant from which our drawing was made, flowered for the second time in July last, in the princely Garden of his Grace the Duke of Northum- berland, at Syon House, and was communicated to us by Mr. Forrest, to whom we are indebted for several observations upon its habit and characters. At first sight it has so much the appearance of a Cyrtanthus that it may easily be mistaken for one, espe- cially if the detached flowers only are seen. But upon a more minute examination, it will be found that it 1s not only not referable to that genus, but that it is actually doubtful whether it does not belong to a distinct natural order. In the first place, it does not form a bulb, an almost indispensable character of Amaryllidez, from which there is but one other variation hitherto known, namely in Doryanthes. In the second place, the fruit is not a - dehiscent dry capsule, but fleshy and indehiscent; and, thirdly, the seeds are not numerous, compressed, and membranous, but solitary, round, and fleshy. It is, there- fore, obviously distinct from Cyrtanthus; and there is no other Amaryllideous genus to compare with it, except Eustephia, the fruit of which is still unknown, but which is peculiarly characterised by its 3-toothed filaments, and which is probably not far removed from Phycella. Perhaps the real affinity of this plant cannot at present be determined: to us it appears most closely allied to Haemanthus, the bulbs of which are very imperfect. A greenhouse plant, not appearing to require particular care in its cultivation, and propagating either by seeds or suckers. Roots fleshy, fascicled. Leaves distichous, coriaceous, dark green, strap-shaped, sheathing at the base, retuse and oblique at the apex, rough at the margin. Scape erect, plano-convex, bordered, furrowed towards the sum- mit. Flowers from 48 to 50, on long stalks, pendulous, arranged in an umbel. Perianth tubular, clavate, de- ciduous ; the segments yellowish scarlet, greenish at the apex, obtuse, imbricated in a double row, cohering towards the base, the outer rather shorter than the inner, like those of a Lachenalia. Stamens 6, inserted in the orifice a A CUN —— a m of the tube, equal ; filaments smooth ; anthers small, oval, eenish yellow, versatile. Ovarium inferior, greenish yellow, 3-celled, many seeded, round, ventricose. Ovula numerous, inserted towards the base of the axis; style filiform; stigma somewhat 3-lobed. Fruit berried, inde- hiscent, red, generally, in consequence of the abortion of two cells and most of the ovula, one-seeded, marked at the top by the scar of the fallen perianth. Seed single, ascending, (only seen unripe), very smooth, transparent, oval; hilum small, above the base ; foramen in the base; raphe short, raised. Testa, when young, marked with very minute areolations; albumen abundant. Embryo J. L. 1183. 1183 BRODIAA* grandiflóra. Largeflowered Brodiea. TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat; ord. HEMEROCALLIDER. BRODLEA Smith. —Perianthium campanulatum, sexfidum, persistens ; squamis tribus ad faucem laciniis exterioribus oppositis, nunc antheriferis. Squame 3, carnose, hypogyne. Stamina 3, fauce inserta, squamis faucis alterna; anthere basi bilobe. Stylus ovario continuus, subulatus; stigma trilobum. Capsula perianthio vestita, obovata, pedicellata, 3-locularis, loculicidd trivalvis. Semina cuique loculo 4 v. 5, nigra, obovata, striata, peltata, ¿está membranaceá. Chalaza depressa —— Flores umbellati. B. grandiflora; floribus pedunculatis corymbosis, squamis planis integerri- mis membranaceis. B. grandiflora. Smith in Linn. trans. vol. 10, p. 2. nec Nuttallii nec Purshit. : Hookera coronaria. Salisbury Paradisus Lond. t. 98. Radix parvus, bulbosus. Folia radicalia, patentia, linearia, acuminata, canaliculata. Scapus erectus, teres, gracilis, pedalis v. brevior. Flores umbellati, corymbosi, longè pedunculati, spathá brevi, oligophyllá, scariosá. Pedunculi gemini ad senos septemve usque, erecti, floribus longiores. Peri- anthium campanulatum, sexfidum, amene ceruleum, tubo 6-striato, limbo patente longiore, laciniis oblongo-linearibus obtusiusculis, exterioribus angus- tioribus. Squame tres, albide, ligulate, integerrima in fauce tubi, laciniis angustioribus opposite. Stamina 3, in fauce tubi inserta, squamarum longi- tudine, (in icone pictoris incurid omissa); filamenta plana; anthere lineares, obtuse, longitudinaliter dehiscentes, basi sagittate, lobis incurvis. Ovarium obovatum, 3-gonum, 3-loculare, polyspermum, in stylo persistente marcescente acuminatum. Stylus subulatus. Stigma trilobum. Capsula perianthio persistente tecta, trilocularis, semitrivalvis, oligosperma ; dehiscentiá loculi- cidá. Semina aterrima, obovata, irregulariter compressa, apice obtuso Soveata (sedes chalaze), raphe tenui à medid facie in foveam currente, semina ideo peltata, hilo obsoleto. Testäminutissime parallel? striata, membranacea, albumini carnoso arctissimó adherens. Embryo in axi albuminis, extremitate radiculari apicem acutum seminis attingente, cotyledonari foveam. * Named after James Brodie, Esq., of Brodie, in North Britain — a gentleman highly commended by Sir James Smith for his scientific attainments. Roots of this charming little bulbous plant were sent by Mr. Douglas from North-west America to the Horticul- tural Society in 1826, and flowered in the Chiswick Garden in July of the present year. It is a beautiful hardy plant, growing freely in a peat border, and producing seeds in small quantities. The squame of the orifice of the perianthium are occa- sionally furnished with perfect anthers, thus indicating their true nature; and in B. congesta they are always so. The three hypogynous scales are remarkable. J. L. 1164. 1184 : VERBENA* Melíndres. Scarlet Buenos Ayres Verbena. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. VERBENACEZ. VERBENA. — Supra, vol. 4. fol. 294. V. Melindres; caule procumbente, piloso, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis grossé serratis calycibusque hispidis, floribus corymbosis, laciniis corolle om- nibus emarginatis. V. Melindres. Gillies MSS. Herba diffusa, perennis? caulibus teretibus, ascendentibus, pilosis. Folia opposita, oblongo-lanceolata, grosse serrata, in petiolo brevi attenuata, utrinque presertim ad venas hispida. Flores im spicá corymbosá dispositi, pedunculati. Bractee hispide, subulate, calyce breviores. Calyx his- pidus. Corolla calyce longior, pulchre coccinea; laciniis planis, oblongis, emarginatis, inferiore majore. This and a number of similar undescribed Chilian and Buenos Ayrean species of Verbena, have long been familiar to us in the form of dried specimens; but we have never before had an opportunity of seeing it alive. The plant from which the accompanying drawing was made was communicated on the 20th of June last by Mr. Harrison, Gardener to the Earl of Egremont, in whose Garden at Petworth it then flowered in great beauty for the first time. It is a native of the plains of the Pampas of Buenos Ayres, where we learn from our friend Dr. Gillies it is very common: it is also found in the provinces of Cordova and San Luis. * Said by De Theis to be an alteration of ferfaen, the Celtic name of the plant. Melindres is the vernacular appellation of this species in the province of Buenos Ayres. Little can at present be said of the cultivation or habits of this plant: it appears to be a perennial, striking freely from cuttings of the ripened stems, and flowering in abund- ance from June to September. Whether it will bear our winters without protection, is to be doubted; it will pro- bably require the covering of a frame at that season, to be turned into the open border during the summer. The scarlet of the flowers rivals that of the Lobelia splendens. Stems spreading, round, ascending, hairy. Leaves op- posite, oblong-lanceolate, coarsely serrated, tapering into a short petiole, hispid on each side, especially at the veins. Flowers arranged in a corymbose stalked spike. Bractee hispid, subulate, shorter than the calyx. Calyx hispid. Corolla longer than the calyx, bright scarlet; the segments flat, oblong, emarginate, the lower larger than the others. J.L. - ML E Lore a DA Fe a Lig I As, d Let o uy (69 IA 7 A AS E eru Ú CZ. Ot fad SL Willd 20 1185 SÓPHORA* velutína. Velvety Bastard Sophora. a. DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Lecuminosx. $ Sophoree. —— SOPHORA Linn. — Calyx 5-dentatus, basi campanulatà v. subat- tenuatà. Petala carinalia sepids apice concreta. Legumen moniliforme, apterum, polyspermum. Arbores frutices aut herbe, foliis ¿mpari-pin- natis, sepids exstipulatis, racemis terminalibus simplicibus paniculatisve. Dec. prodr. 2. 95. i $ Disemza. Vexillum bifidum, petala imbricata, calyx 5-dentatus equalis. : S. velutina; fruticosa, foliolis 23 ellipticis mucronatis, utrinque ramis pedunculisque velutinis, racemis cylindricis terminalibus, petalis imbri- catis: vexillo bifido. Caulis fruticosus, dens? velutinus. Folia exstipulata, impari-pinnata, velutina, utrinque concolora; foliola 23, elliptica, mucronata. Racemi terminales, cylindracei, foliorum fere longitudinis, villosi. Bractew 0, v. citissime decidue. Calyx velutinus, tubo brevi, turbinato, persistente, limbo campanulato, membranaceo, 5-dentato, dentibus subequilongis, 4 su- perioribus subrotundo-ovatis, supremis paululum connatis, inferiore acumi- nato. Petala fauce tubi calycis inserta, libera, imbricata. Vexillum lineari-oblongum, bifidum, incumbens, basi carnosum, tomentosum. Ale falcate, obtuse, ascendentes, auriculate ; carina pauld brevior, abrupt? unguiculata, obtusa. Stamina 10, fauce tubi calycis inserta; filamenta distincta, equalia, basi latd tomentosá leviter et inaequaliter monadelpha. Anthere parve, oblonge. . Ovarium stipitatum, lanatum, lineare, polysper- mum, in stylo glabro, ascendente, attenuatum. Stigma simplex. Legumina erecta, teretia, moniliformia, utrinque acuminatissima, velutina, 1-3-sperma. A fine greenhouse shrub, which well deserves a trial as a hardy plant: it is a native of Nipal, and was raised some years since from seeds received from Mr. Clark by * A slight alteration of Sophera, a name employed by Alpinus for Cassia Sophera. Messrs. Whitley and Co., in whose Nursery our drawing was made in June last. Although we have referred it to Sophora, we are by no means satisfied that it is a genuine species of that genus, from which it differs in its equal, 5-toothed calyx, imbri- cated petals, and bifid vexillum. It is not, however, worth while distinguishing it at present, nor perhaps at all, unless other species should be discovered agreeing with it in those characters. We should suspect S. glauca, found by Leschenault upon the Nilgherry range, to be nearly related to the present plant, if it were, not to be expected that the remarkable characters existing in the. petals and calyx of this would have been noticed by M. Decandolle, had they been visible in that species. | Could this be naturalised in our Shrubberies, it would be a most desirable addition to our collections of hardy plants: it would no doubt bud readily upon the common Sophora Japonica. E | J. de V/A OC. A : v u, Tas De A Pani 1186 GAILLARDIA* aristáta. Whole-coloured Gaillardia: BRUGES © SYNGENESIA FRUSTRANEA. Nat. ord. Composit. Corymbiferee Juss. Helianthee Helenieæ Cassini. GAILLARDIA Fougeroux. — Involucrum polyphyllum, imbricatum, squamis foliaceis. Flosculi radii ligulati 3-dentati neutri; disci tubulosi, persistentes, basi herbacei subsolidi, dentibus extüs barbatis, centro masculi, ad ambitum hermaphroditi. Stigmata subulata barbata basi pedicelliformia glabra. Fructus villosus turbinatus, teres. Pappus paleaceus. . Recepta- culum conicum paleaceum. G. aristata; foliis radicalibus spatulatis dentatis, caulinis oblongo-linearibus "sessilibus integerrimis, squamis involucri acuminatis disco longioribus, radio unicolore. ES ; G. aristata.. Pursh. fl. am. sept, 2. 573. G; bicolor 8. . Nuttall gen. am. 2. 175. c i .. Perennis, radicibus fibrosis. - Folia fere sempervirentia ; radicalia spatu- lata, in petiolum longum attenuata, subdentata, undique pilis longis mollibus vestita; pili septis plurimis intüs divisi ; caulina sessilia, oblonga, integer- rima, acuta, basi paululum amplexicaulia.—Obs. Folia radicalia quando- que, sed rariüs pinnatifida. . Caules erecti, teretes, striati, appressé pilosi. Capituli solitarii, longissime pedunculata, erecti. Involucrum imbricatum, polyphyllum, squamis foliaceis squarrosis, demüm reflexis, ciliatis, interioribus multd angustioribus. Flosculi radii 15, magni, cuneatt, tridentati, auran- tiaco-lutei, neutri ; disci purpurei, tubulosi, campanulati, basi brevi, teretes, virides, solidi ; lobis 5, acuminatis, barbatis ; diù persistentes, et demüm viri- descentes; centri masculi, peripheri@ hermaphroditi v. feminei. Ovarium turbinatum, villosum; pappus paleaceus, aristatus. Anthere apice ap- pendiculate, lobis basi acutis. Stylus filiformis, glaber. Stigmata pur- purea, subulata, barbata, intds sulcata, pedunculata, pedunculo glaberrimo. Fructus turbinatus, teres, truncatus, basi villosus, apice glaber. Recepta- culum conicum, paleis subulatis tectum. * So called by M. Fougeroux de Bondaroy, after his friend M. Gaillard. Botanists usually write the word Galardia, an obvious inaccuracy, the origin of which is said by Cassini to be chargeable upon Lamarck. A handsome hardy perennial, found in the north-west of North America by Mr. David Douglas, and by him sent, in 1827, to the Horticultural Society, in whose Garden at Chiswick our drawing was made in July last. It flowers from June to October, and is propagated by seeds or division of the roots. It is, no doubt, the G. aristata of Pursh, which Mr. Nuttall considers a mere variety of G. bicolor. It appears to us, however, to be sufficiently distinct as a species, especially as it does not lose its wild features when cultivated. It is altogether a larger plant, more hardy, and the rays are whole-coloured; not to speak of other important differences. A nearly evergreen perennial, with fibrous roots. Leaves of the root spatulate, tapering down into a long petiole, somewhat toothed, covered on both sides with numerous soft hairs, which are divided internally by several parti- tions ; of the stem sessile, oblong, very entire, acute, very slightly amplexicaul at the base. The radical leaves are occasionally pinnatifid. Stems erect, taper, striated, with close-pressed hairs. Heads solitary, on very long stalks, erect. Involucrum imbricated, many leaved; the scales foliaceous, squarrose, finally reflexed, ciliated, the in- nermost much the narrowest. florets of the ray 15, large, cuneate, 3-toothed, yellowish orange, neuter; of the disk purple, tubular, campanulate, with a short, green, taper, solid base; the lobes 5; acuminate, bearded ; the florets are persistent almost until the ripening of the fruit, and change to a greenish colour; those of the centre are male, those towards the circumference female or her- maphrodite. Ovarium :turbinate, villous; : pappus palea- ‚ceous, aristate. Anthers with a little appendage at the apex, and acute lobes at the base. Style filiform, smooth. Stigmata purple, subulate, bearded, furrowed along the middle, with a smooth stalk. Fruit turbinate, taper, trun- cate, villous at the base, smooth at the apex. Receptacle conical, covered with subulate pale. Lr WE g i >. Z DUNS. Y Woy. hs SST, A es tA T, c / gee o fag tie yf Je E e e WS AE Qe kA ALLE St. ALE DALY Gg e LIE LZ Cu 1/28. id bane 7 > "Pi i 1187 ` COTONEASTER* microphylla ; var. Uva Ursi. Bearberry-leaved Nepal Cotoneaster. diei — — ICOSANDRIA DI-TRIGY NIA. Nat. ord. Pomacez.. Lindl. COTONEASTER. — Supra, vol. 13. fol. 1114. a C. microphylla ; foliis oblongis obtusis lucidis coriaceis, petalis patentibus. Supra, l. c. 8. Uva ursi; foliis majoribus, floribus subternis, caule vegetiore. For this distinct variety we are indebted to Mr. John Miller, of the Nursery, Bristol, by whom specimens were sent to us in the course of the last spring. It differs from the genuine Cotoneaster microphylla in being a plant ofa more vigorous growth, having somewhat larger and flatter leaves, and bearing flowers more frequently in twos or threes than singly. | Like that species, it is a hardy evergreen shrub, of great beauty, striking readily from cuttings or layers, and flowering in April and May. To what height either may attain, we have no means of judging. At present the original species does not exceed 2 feet in any place in which we have seen it: that now represented appears to have a tendency to acquire a stature of 3 or 4 feet. q J. La * A sort of barbarous word, signifying Quince-like. The Quince was called cotonea by Pliny ; and aster, a corruption of ad instar, is used occa- sionally to express similitude. 1188 AMARYLLIS* acuminata ; var. longipedunculata. Long-stalked pulverulent Amaryllis. HEXANDRIA MONOGY NIA. Nat. ord. AMARYLLIDER. AMAR YLLIS. — Supra, vol. 1. fol. 28. * A. acuminata ; umbellá 4-5-Aorá ; foliis loratis pruinosis, perianthio ringente subpatente : tubo brevissimo, laciniis rhomboideis acuminatis apice un- dulatis, scapo glauco. A. acuminata. Supra, vol. 7. fol. 534. A. pulverulenta. Herbert in Bot. mag. : Var. longipedunculata; umbellà 5-flora, pedunculis elongatis horizontalibus. A. acuminate vere valdé affinis; tantim differt foliis angustioribus, scapo evectiore, pedunculis longioribus, magis patentibus, et, si error nullus irrepserit, patria Mexicand, nec Bonariense. 5 For this very fine variety of A. acuminata we are in- debted to A. F. Mornay, Esq., of Ashburton House, Putney, by whom it was found near San Pablo Quatro- Venados, in the state of Oaxaca, in Mexico. The bulb was introduced some years ago: our drawing was made in March 1827. It differs from the well-known A. acwminata in being more robust in its mode of growth, having narrower leaves, and a more spreading umbel, with longer stalks to the flowers. It is easily cultivated in a cool greenhouse. J. L. * Amaryllis was a country girl whose charms were celebrated by Virgil. Botanists have shewn their gallantry by giving her name to a genus of flowers, whose beauty will not suffer by comparison with the fairest dames of Latium, VOL. XIV. L 1189 SERÁPIAS* cordigera ; var. longipétala. Pale heart-lipped Serapias. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. OncnipEx. $ Ophrydee. SERAPIAS Linn. — Pollinia 2 granulata, caudiculis duabus glandule unicee affixis, cucullo communi incluse. . Anthera antica, erecta, persistens. Stigma subrotundum, concavum. Columna semiteres, ultrà antheram in cuspide producta. Labellum trilobum, lobis lateralibus erectis, medio de- pendente acuminato. Sepala acuminata, conniventia, subsequalia. Herbee terrestres (Europe); radicibus tuberosis; caulibus foliosis; spicà simplici pauciflorá. S. cordigera ; bracteis coloratis floribus longioribus, labello basi bicalioso. 2. labello atro-fusco. . S. cordigera. Linn. sp. pl. 1345. Bot. rep. 475, dec. Helleborine cordigera. Sebast. rom. pl. fasc. 1. p. 13. t. 4. f. 2. Tenore fl. nap. 2. 315. B. longipetala; labello pallido. Helleborine longipetala. Tenore fl. nap. prodr. p. 53. Sebast. fl. rom. rodr. 312. EN Helleborine pseudo-cordigera. | Sebast. rom. pl. fase. 1. p. 14. t. 4. f. 1. Serapias lancifera. St. Amans fl. agen. p. 378. D'Urville in act. Linn. par. 1. 377. . A We cannot agree with the Italian and other Botanists quoted above, in distinguishing this plant from S. cordigera, to which it seems to us to belong in every essential respect. The paleness of the flowers is, indeed, the only character that can be readily seized to distinguish them. It is a beautiful spring flower, common about Rome in very dry soil. It is also a native of the neighbourhood of Agen, where it was found by M. de St. Amans; and * So called after the Egyptian divinity Serapis. Tenore speaks of it as abounding at the foot of Vesuvius, near Ottojano, Boscotrecase, Mauro, Mortelle, Portici, and elsewhere, always in very dry meadows. Our drawing was made in April 1827, in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, where it had been received from Signor Mauri, in the same year J. b. 7190 ae = ES 4 - 3 > ye f / 240p Y te by J Mtg a G VEG A Vota y Niel BEI. Fac 1190 ADENOTRÍCHIA* amplexicaulis. Stem-clasping Adenotrichia. SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA. Nat. ord. Compositz. $ Corymbifere. _ . ADENOTRICHIA.—Involucrum duplex, polyphyllum, exterius squar- rosum squamis subulatis glandulosis, interius campanulatum squamis cana- liculatis erectis, extüs glandulosis, intüs glabris. ~ Flosculi radii ligulati, sub- integri, feminei ; disci filiformes, tubulosi, hermaphroditi. Anthere mutice. Stylus filiformis; stigmata patentia, linearia, apice truncata stuposa.* Fructus glabri, teretes, striati. Pappus pilosus, scabriuseulus. Receptaculum nu- dum. Herbe glandulose ; folis simplicibus glandulosis alternis; floribus luteis. Adenotrichia amplexicaulis. Caulis herbaceus, erectus, subramosus, 2-pedalis, striatus, glanduloso- viscidus, pilosus. Folia simplicia, sessilia, amplexicaulia, ovato-lanceolata, subpinnatifida, glandulosa, pallide viridia, utrinque glandulosa. Capituli corymbosi, radiati. Pedunculi subbracteolati, dens glandulosi. Involu- crum duplex, hemisphericum ; exterius serie simplici | ce sim squamis subulatis, squarrosis, glandulosis, apice quandoque ifidis; interius serie simplici campanulatum, squamis erectis, canaliculatis, apice subsquarrosis, ?ntüs glabris, extüs glandulosis, Flosculi radii feminei, ligulati, integri, v. apice subtrifidi, tubo longo filiformi. Flosculi disci hermaphroditi, fili- formes, tubulosi, limbo parvo, 5-dentato, erecto. Stamina basi mutica. Receptaculum glabrum. Styli filiformes. Stigmata 2, linearia, patentia, — truncata, stuposa. Fructus glabri, striati, Pappus pilosus, scabrius- culus. A native of Chile, whence it was brought to the Horti- cultural Society by Mr. James M‘Rae, in 1826. By him it was found at Cumbre, à pass in the Andes, flowering in November 1825. It is a greenhouse herbaceous plant, with a pretty appearance, and flowers with us in May. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, in 1827. * From à2»», a gland, and 3gi£, hair, in allusion to the intermixture of hairs and glands for which the plant is remarkable. In the confusion that exists throughout the whole of Composite, it is no easy task to say whether a genus is published or unpublished. The present may have made its appearance in some work with which we are unac- quainted, or in some place that we have not succeeded in discovering. We believe, however, that it is new. It differs from all the Corymbiferous genera with hairy pappus, in having an outer squarrose involucrum, and an inner one formed of a number of erect, channelled scales. Its nearest affinity is probably Munnozia, from which it differs in the scales of the involucrum not being trifid at the extremity, and in its alternate leaves. Stem herbaceous, erect, somewhat branched, about two feet high, striated, covered with hairs and viscid glands. Leaves simple, sessile, stem-clasping, ovate- lanceolate, somewhat pinnatifid, pale green, glandular on each side. Heads corymbose, radiant. Peduncles with a few bractee, densely glandular. JInvolucrum double, hemispherical; the outer in a single row, consisting of numerous subulate, glandular, squarrose scales, occa- sionally bifid at the apex; the inner campanulate in a single row, consisting of several erect channelled scales, somewhat squarrose at the apex, smooth on the inside, glandular on the outside. Florets of the ray female, ligu- late, entire, or somewhat trifid at the apex, with a long filiform tube. Florets of the disc hermaphrodite, filiform, tubular, with a small, 5-toothed, erect limb. Stamens without appendages at the base. Receptacle smooth. Style filiform. Stigmas 2, linear, spreading, truncate and. shaggy at the apex. Fruit smooth, striated. Pappus hairy, roughish. J. L. 7/904 eS pu ae ay. e Hs 17 SP SK PA 2 E ABO DSL A NEPOJ IL hig TE G f ar n. d a c 1191 CYTISUS* multiflórus. Many-flowered Cytisus. DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Nat. ord. LzGvwt1Nosz. $ Lotee. i CYTISUS. — Suprà, vol. 2. fol. 121. C. multiflorus ; caulibus erectis, ramis elongatis teretibus : junioribus villosis, foliolis oblongis basi attenuatis subtüs villosis utrinque concoloribus, floribus subternatis, pedicellis petiolis subeequalibus, vexillo emarginato undulato. C. elongatus ; 8. multiflorus. Dec. prodr. 2. 155. Differt C. elongato, foliis subtàs villosis, concoloribus, nec appressé pilosis, argento micantibus ; pedunculis,petiolis longioribus v. equalibus, nec multo brevioribus ; vexillo emarginato, undulato, quodammodo lacero, nec obcordato, plano, integerrimo ; denique, floribus majoribus, ternis quaternisve, nec subso- litarüs, rard ternis. E s MY kk Y ps A 7 t We quite agree in the opinion expressed by Dr: Besser in Decandolle's Prodromus, that the C. elongatus of many Gardens is a species distinct from that of Waldstein and Kitaibel. Of the latter we have wild specimens from the neighbourhood of Pest, which entirely agree with the garden plant figured by-Watson in his Dendrologia Bri- tannica, from Messrs. nile Nursery; this, therefore, is to be considered the true C. elongatus. That which is now represented is better known in the Gardens of the continent than in this country. The plant from which our drawing was made, in May 1827, was growing in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, where it had been raised from seeds received from Professor Jacquin. It is a very beautiful hardy border-shrub, remarkable * Pliny says, that Cytisus was so called because it was a native of Cythnos, one of the Cyclades. .His Cytisus was the Medicago arborea. for the profusion of bright yellow flowers with which its long slender branches are laden. It does not grow above 2 or 3 feet high, and is easily propagated by layers. Its native country is unknown. The differences that exist between this and C. elon- gatus are as follow: — The /eaves are villous and green beneath, not closely downy and silvery; the peduncles are longer than the petioles or as long, and not much shorter; the vexillum is ragged, emarginate, and. wavy, not obcor- date, flat, and entire; and, finally, the flowers are much larger, and always produced in threes or fours, and not usually solitary, or at the utmost produced in threes. J. L. 1192 DELPHINIUM* Menziésii. Mr. Menzies’s Larkspur. POLYANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Nat. ord. RANUNCULACER. | DELPHINIUM Linn. — Calyx coloratus, deciduus, 5-sepalus, sepalo superiore basi in calcar cavum producto. Pefala 4, interdum inter se coalita, 2 superiora basi in appendices intra calcar contentas (calcar inter- num) producta. Stamina 00. Ovaria 1-5, séepiús 3. Capsule totidem, distincte, univalves, folliculares. Semina 00, arido-baccata. Herbe radice annu exili, aut perenni subfasciculatá donate. Caules erecti, ramosi. Folia petiolata, caulina palmatim multifida. Flores racemosi, sepiüs cerulei, aut albi rosei et variantes purpurei, in unicé specie flavi. Bractee 3, ad singulum pedicellum, 1 sub basi (bractea), 2 secus pedicellum (bracteole) sepiüs opposite, nunc ad basin ut in D. Staphisagria, nunc in medio pedi- celli ut in D. Requienii, nunc circà apicem ut in Delphinastris. Dec. syst. 1. 340. Y Sect. III. Delphinastrum. Ovaria 3, interdum 5. Calcar elongatum, interius dipetalum. Petala 4, libera, 2 inferiora. stipitata, limbo intüs barbato, in unicá specie integro, sepissime bifido. Bractee 1 sub pedicello, 2 secus pedicellum sepissime opposite flori contigue. Radices perennes. Dec.l.c. — — ^ D. Menziesii; petiolis basi vix dilatatis, foliis 5-partitis lobis trifidis lineari- bus integris, bracteis trifidis, radice grumosà. Dec. l. c. prodr. 1. 54. Caulis erectus, simplex, teres, subflexuosus, pubescens. | Folia longe petiolata, multifida, pilosa, laciniis linearibus furcatis, petiolis filiformibus, lamina plus quàm. dupld longioribus. . Racemus terminalis, simplex, 6-8- florus. Pedunculi pubescentes, floribus longiores; bracteolis duabus subu- latis, sub flore oppositis. Flores intense purpureo-cerulei. Sepala extús medio pubescentia, calcare recto, obtuso, subulato, corrugato breviora. À beautiful hardy perennial, native of the north-west coast of North America, where it was originally found by Mr. Menzies, and more recently by Mr. Douglas. Our * So called because its flower resembles the fanciful figures of the dolphin, AsAQb. drawing was made in June last, in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, where it had been raised from Mr. Douglas's seeds. It is a very neat upright plant, with a nearly simple stem, and very deep purple flowers. It grows readily in common garden soil, and is propagated by division of the roots. Stem erect, simple, round, somewhat flexuose, pubes- cent. Leaves on long stalks, divided into several linear, forked, downy segments; the petioles filiform, more than twice as long as the lamina. Raceme terminal, simple, of from.6 to 8 flowers. Peduncles downy, longer than the flowers; bracteole 2, opposite, subulate, placed under the flowers. Flowers a deep bluish purple. Sepals downy externally in the middle, shorter than the straight, subu- late, obtuse, shrivelled spur. y J. L. 1193 CONANTHÉRA* campanulata. Bell-flowered Conanthera. sn HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. ÄSPHODELE Æ. CONANTHERA Fl. Peruv. — Perianthium semisuperum, laciniis pa- tentibus v. reflexis, alternis ciliatis. Stamina basi perianthii inserta, antheris apice appendiculatis in cono conniventibus. Ovarium semi-inferum, 3-loculare, oligospermum ; ovulis placente carnose affixis ascendentibus. Capsula pisiformis, 3-locularis, 3-valvis; seminibus paucis rotundis. C. campanulata ; folis lineari-lanceolatis humifusis, perianthio campanu- lato : laciniis obtusis patentibus, alternis minoribus. C. bifolia. Sims in Bot. mag. fol. 2496, not of the Flora Peruviana. C. campanulata. Lindley in Hort. trans. 6. 283 (1826). Hooker’s exot. flora, 3. t. 214 (1827). | Cummingia campanulata. D. Don. | Herba bulbosa, palmaris, glaber. Folia linearia, acuminata, diffusa, scapi longitudine, Scapus teres, laxus, paniculatus. Bractee subulate. Flores nutantes, pedicellis inarticulatis. Perianthium campanulatum, semi- superum, limbo patente 6-partito, laciniis oblongis, obtusis, alternis minoribus, ciliatis, post anthesin spiraliter tortis. Stamina 6, basi tubi inserta, filamentis brevibus, glabris, antheris conniventibus, rostratis, 2-locularibus, longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium semisuperum, triloculare, ovulis circiter novem cuique loculo, placente carnose affixis, ascendentibus. Stylus subulatus. Stigma simplex. A native of the higher range of the Cordilleras, where it seems to be far from uncommon, appearing among the earliest of the vernal flowers with which the green-sward is adorned upon the first melting of the snow. Mr. M‘Rae found it at Cumbre, one of the passes of the Andes, flowering in November 1825. The roots from which the * So called in consequence of the conical arrangement of the antheree. accompanying figure was taken were sent from Chile by Mr. Miers to Mr. Place, by whom they were presented to the Horticultural Society, in whose Garden our drawing was made in June 1827. It is a hardy greenhouse plant, remaining in flower for several weeks, and remarkable for the intense bright blue * of its nodding blossoms. It requires to be grown in light sandy loam, to be well watered when coming into flower, and after the blossoming is over to be kept dry. Mr. Don has proposed to separate this plant from Conanthera, chiefly, as we understand him, because of the segments of its flower cohering into a campanulate tube, on which account it differs from Conanthera as Hyacinthus does from Scilla. But it appears to us, not- withstanding the truth of this statement, that in this par- ticular case the characters depended upon by Mr. Don are overruled by other and far more important peculiarities common to both plants. There is, we presume, no doubt, although the seeds have not been examined, of this genus belonging to Asphodelee. We have, therefore, in a very natural group of plants, remarkable for the great uni- formity of their structure, two species differing from all previously discovered in the very remarkable circum- stances of their pedicels having no articulation, their ovarium being partly inferior, the alternate segments of the perianthium being fringed at the margin, and the anthers conniving into a cone. "These very unusual cha- racters seem to us to possess powers of combination which wholly overrule others of so secondary a nature as the greater or less cohesion of the segments of the perianthium, and to indicate a genus of plants too nearly allied in nature to be broken up by slight modifications of structure. Whether the Echeandia of Ortega is really distinct from Conanthera, is another question, which can only be determined by the inspection of authentic speci- mens; these we have not the good fortune to possess ; and the figure and description in Link and Ottos’ Abbil- dungen neuer und seltener gewüchse do not enable us to settle the point. A bulbous-rooted plant, a span high, and smooth. Leaves linear, acuminate, spreading, the length of the scape. Scape round, loosely panicled. Bractee subulate. — — Flowers nodding, deep blue, without any articulation in their leaf-stalks. Perianthium campanulate, half superior, with a spreading, 6-parted limb: its segments oblong, obtuse, the alternate ones smaller and fringed, after flower- ing twisted spirally. Stamens 6, inserted into the base of the tube; filaments short, smooth ; anthers converging, beaked, 2-celled, bursting lengthwise. ^ Ovarium half superior, 3-celled, with about 9 ascending ovules in each cell, fixed to a fleshy placenta; style subulate ; stigma simple. J. L. -— 7] Mer h SOLE. 1194 CALANDRÍNIA* grandiflóra. Large-flowered Calandrinia. POLYANDRIA MONOGY NIA. Nat. ord. PoRTULACER. CALANDRINIA Kunth. — Calyx persistens, bipartitus, sepalis sub- rotundo-ovatis. Petala 3-5, hypogyna aut imo calyce inserta, libera aut ima basi subconnata, eequalia. Stamina 4-15, toro v. basi petalorum inserta, libera, petalis sepiüs alterna. Stylus 1, brevissimus, apice tripartitus, lobulis in stigma clavato-capitatum collectis. Capsula oblongo-elliptica, 1-locularis, 3-valvis, polysperma. Semina placente centrali funiculis capil- laribus annexa. Dec. prodr. 3. 358. C. grandiflora ; caule suffruticoso, foliis carnosis rhomboideis acutis glaucis petiolatis, racemis terminalibus laxis indivisis, calycibus maculatis. Caulis suffruticosus, tortuosus, carnosus, 2-pedalis, erectus, glaucus. Folia sparsa, carnosa, glauca, rhomboidea, acuta, petiolata, avenia. Racemi terminales, longè pedunculati, pauciflori, secundi, floribus pendulis. Brac- tee 2, ovate, nigro lineate, serrulate, ad basin omnis pedicelli. Se- pala 2, ovalia, concava, persistentia, glauca, purpurascentia, estivatione imbricata, nigro lineata. Petala 5, ephemera, obcordata, plana, roseo- purpurea, hypogyna, post anthesin convoluta et persistentia. Stamina 30-40, inequalia, hypogyna, et basibus petalorum adnata. Ovarium superum, uniloculare, placentá liberá, centrali, polyspermá. Stylus cum ovario con- tinuus ; stigma capitatum. Capsula membranacea, petalis et sepalis obvo- luta, unilocularis, placentá columnari funiculis brevibus erectis supertectá. Semina reniformia, fusca, à funiculis decidua, This beautiful succulent plant is a native of Chile, whence seeds were brought to the Horticultural Society by Mr. James M'Rae, in 1826. It forms a handsome bush, covered with fair glaucous leaves, and from the summit of its tortuous branches arise racemes of large bright rosy purple flowers, opening in succession for many weeks. * This genus has been named by M. Kunth after J. L. Calandrini, an Italian Botanist, who lived in the beginning of the eighteenth century. Great care is required in its cultivation, not to give it too much water late in the summer, which proves fatal to it speedily. It should be kept in a greenhouse, in dry calcareous earth, during the winter; and in the summer it may be plunged in the open border in a warm sheltered situation. It is propagated by cuttings or by seeds, which latter are produced in small quantities. We may here remark, that the Talinum ciliatum of the English Gardens is referred to Calandrinia by M. De- candolle, under the name of C. pilosiuscula; that Ca- landrinia compressa of Schrader, adopted as a distinct species by M. Decandolle, is probably the same; and that there is good reason to believe that all these are identical with the Talinum ciliatum of the Flora Peruviana, from which they are divided by M. Decandolle. J. L. 1195 HAMELIA* ventricósa. The King-Wood Tree. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Rustacex. HAMELIA Linn. — Calyx parvus, 5-fidus. Corolla tubulosa, ob- longa, 5-gona, limbo 5-fido. Stamina 5, medio tubi inserta; anthere oblonge. Stigma obtusum, sub-5-gonum. Bacca ovata, sulcata, apice retusa et coronata, 5-locularis, polysperma, seminibus minutis. Frutices ; folia plerumque 3, verticillata ; flores corymboso-cymosi terminales. Juss. mem. mus. 3. 398. H. ventricosa ; corymbis terminalibus axillaribusque, corollis campanulatis ventricosis, foliis lanceolatis glabris ternis quaternisve. Nerio affinis arbor versicolore materie, lauri folio lucido, flore pentapetaloide sulphureo amplo. Sloane jamaic. 2. 63. t. 183. f. 2. — Campanula arborescens, foliis ovato-acuminatis verticillatim ternatis, sti- pulis acuminatis interpositis, capsulis quinquelocularibus. Browne Jamaic. 166. H. ventricosa. Swartz prodr. 46. fl. ind. occ. 1. 446. Willd. sp. pl. 1.981. Ait. Kew. ed. 2. 1. 375. Bot. mag. Spreng. syst. 1. 765. H. grandiflora. L'Héritier Sert. angl. 4. t. 7. Ait. Kew. ed. 1. 1. 229. Paradisus Londinensis, 55. Arbor, ramis glabris, subtetragonis. Folia lanceolata, membranacea, petiolata, glaberrima, ternatim quaternatimve inserta, stipulis subulatis. Corymbi terminales, patentes, glabri. Calyx subrotundus, 5-dentatus. Corolla lutea, infundibularis, ventricosa, basi gibba, limbo erecto, plicato, 5-fido. Anthere lineares, sepiüs exserte. A handsome hot-house plant, growing vigorously, and flowering in abundance in nearly all the summer months. It is a native of Jamaica, where it becomes a large tree, * This genus has been named in honour of Henry Louis Duhamel umonceau, a celebrated French philosopher of the last century, whose researches in vegetable physiology are the most perfect model of patient investigation and accurate deduction with which Botanists are acquainted. VOL. XIV. M yielding handsome variegated planks, called by the cabinet- makers Spanish elm or King-wood. Our drawing was made in the Nursery of Mr. Lee, of Hammersmith, in July 1826. Branches smooth, somewhat 4-cornered. Leaves lanceo- late, membranous, stalked, quite smooth, inserted in threes or fours; stipules subulate. Corymbs terminal, spreading, smooth. Calyx roundish, 5-toothed. Corolla yellow, funnel-shaped, ventricose, gibbous at the base, with an erect, plaited, 5-cleft limb. Anthers linear, usually projecting. : Joi: ç N 2277. / LU LAA 1196 PYRUS* spúria. Hybrid Sorb. — ICOSANDRIA DI-PENTAGYNIA. Nat. ord. PoMACEZ. PYRUS. — Supra, vol. 6. fol. 514. : $ Sorbus ; folia pinnata v. pinnatifida. 1 P. spuria; folis pinnatis 3-jugis subtüs hirsutis, foliolis ovatis crenatis : terminali majore, rachi superne glandulifera. Dec. prodr. 1. 637. P. hybrida. “ Manch weissents. 90. t. 6." Willd. arb. 269. Sp. pl. 2. 1022 : not of Smith. Sorbus spuria. Pers. ench. 2. 39. d Mespilus sorbifolia. Poir. suppl. 4. p. 72; but not Pyrus sorbifolia of Watson's Dendrol. fol. 53. Arbor parvus, deciduus. Folia formá quàm mazime diversa ; crenato- serrulata, subtüs tomentosa, nunc simplicia, oblonga, nunc pinnatifida, laciniis oblongis, nunc pinnata, 2-3-juga, cum impare majore, fi oliolis. oblongis. Co- rymbi terminales, multiflori. Pedicelli calycesque tomentos:. Petala Pyri arbutifolii. This handsome hardy shrub is but little known, and is rarely seen in Gardens. Its native country is doubtful ; and it has been supposed to be the hybrid offspring of the Mountain Ash and the Arbutus-leaved Pear of North America. It is sometimes called Pyrus sorbifolia; but 1s by no means the plant figured by Mr. Watson under that name, which appears to be nothing more than Pyrus pin- natifida. It flowers in June and July, and is succeeded by a very small quantity of berries. It will grow in any cold, : : . : f * A Latin word, derived by De Theis from the Celtic peren, the name o the Pear-tree. Sorb is said A the same etymologist to be an alteration of the Celtic word sor, which signifies austere. exposed situation, and is propagated freely by grafting or budding upon the stocks usually employed for the Apple- tree. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society, in May 1827. A small tree, with deciduous leaves. Leaves very variable in form, between crenate and serrulate, downy beneath, sometimes simple and oblong, or pinnatifid with oblong segments, or pinnate with 2 or 3 pair of oblong leaflets, and an odd one, which is much larger than the rest. Corymbs terminal, many flowered. Pedicels and calyves downy. Petals quite those of Pyrus arbutifolia. J. L. 1197 ÓPHRYS* araneífera ; var. limbáta. Bordered Spider Orchis. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. OncnrpEz. $ Ophrydex. Lindley. OPHRYS. — Supra, vol. 3. fol. 205. O. araneifera ; labello emarginato integro convexo pubescente inappendi- culato subrotundo mutico : disco maculato, perianthio herbaceo : petalis ovatis pubescentibus sepalis dupló brevioribus, foliis glaucis. ©. araneifera Auctorum. Var. limbata; macula disci sinuatá limbatá anticé biloba medio ocellatá. This pretty variety of O. araneifera was sent to the Horticultural Society, in 1826, by Signor Mauri, of Rome. It is figured chiefly for the purpose of shewing the differ- ences that exist between it and Ophrys atrata, represented at Plate 1087. It is perhaps the same as Sir James Smith's O. fucifera; but of that species we have not seen nz authentic specimens which will justify us in absolutely referring it hither. The Kentish O. araneifera varies so much in the figuring, and outline of its labellum, that we can scarcely doubt O. fucifera being a mere variety of it. A hardy, perennial spring plant, when wild loving to grow in chalky soil among short grass; or, if cultivated, in a pot in a well-aired frame. LL * The form of the flowers of some of the plants formerly referred to Ophrys is said to have a resemblance to the eyebrow, ¿Pes in Greek. In what the resemblance consists, we confess our inability to discover; espe- cially if the original Ophrys was, as is supposed, the plant now called Listera ovata. AG e 1198 LUPÍNUS* littorális. Shore Lupine. DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Nat. ord. LEcUMINOS x. LUPINUS. — Supra, vol. 13. fol. 1096. L. littoralis; perennis, floribus verticillatis pedicellatis ebracteolatis, calycis labio utroque integro, foliolis 5-7, lineari-spatulatis utrinque sericeis, leguminibus 10-12-spermis transversim sulcatis, radicibus granulatis. Douglas MSS. Radix fibrosa, subfusiformis, tuberculis plurimis granulatis. Caulis decumbens, sericeus. Foliola 5-7, lineari-spatulata, utrinque sericea ; sti- pulis subulatis, hirsutis. Flores verticillati ; pedicelli hirsuti, calyce dupld longiores; bractese subulate; bracteole nulle. Calyx bilabiatus, labiis equalibus integerrimis, Vexillum ovatum, purpureum; ale cerulee, aci- naciformes, vexillo dupld longiores; carina pallida, acuta, ciliata. Legu- men Zineare, pilis rigidis brunneis vestitum ; semina linearia, brunnea, nigro maculata. Das MSS. For the above description, and the following valuable account of this very interesting species, we are indebted to Mr. Douglas, who has kindly allowed them to be extracted nr his unpublished account of the North-west American lora. * This species is abundant upon the sea-shore, from Cape Mendocino to Puget's Sound, where it binds toge- ther the loose sand with its tough branching roots. It is used by the natives of the river Columbia as winter food ; for this purpose it is prepared by drawing the roots through the fire until all their moisture is dissipated ; * Nothing is known of the meaning of this word. It was used by Pliny; and the commentators have fancied that it was derived from lupus, a wolf, because it devours the ground ! when they are tied up in small bundles, and will keep for several months. For eating, the roots are roasted in the embers, when they become farinaceous. The ver- nacular name of the plant is Somuuchtan. It is the liquorice spoken of by Lewis and Clarke,* and by the navigators who have visited the north-west coast of America." ** Root somewhat fusiform, with fleshy tubercles. Stem decumbent, silky. Leaflets 5-7, linear-spatulate, both sides covered with silky hairs; stipule subulate, their hairs longer than those of the leaves or stem. lowers whorled ; pedicels hirsute, double the length of the calyx. Calyx without bracteole, both lips entire, nearly of equal length. Vexillum ovate, purple; ale hatchet-shaped, blue, double the length of the vexillum ; carina pallid, ciliated, acute. Pod linear, covered with bristly brown hairs; seeds linear, brown, with black spots.” A hardy perennial, flowering from June to October, propagated by cuttings, division of the roots, and seed. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, in August 1828. Jie * The liquorice of this country does not differ from that common to the United States; it here delights in a deep loose sandy soil, and grows very large and abundantly. It is prepared by roasting in the embers, and pounding it slightly with a small stick, in order to separate the strong liga- ment in the centre of the root, which is then thrown away: the root is chewed and swallowed. — Lewis and Clarke, p. 452. a dig dd. / ns Ltt CS aL AL” AY cO. Za ars 7 Ze C e = " 1199 CANAVALIA* bonariensis. Buenos A yres Canavalia. — MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Nat. ord. Lesumınosz. $ Phaseolee. Dec. CANAVALIA Dec. — Calyx tubulosus, bilabiatus, labio inferiore denti- bus tribus (vel unico) acutis parvis, superiore lobis 2 amplis rotundatis. Corolle vexillum amplum bicallosum ; callis parallelis; ale stipitatee ob- longe auriculate; carina dipetala. Stamina monadelpha, aut decimo sub- adherente. ` Legumen compressum, tricarinatum, nempe infra et juxtà suturam superiorem nervo protuberante suture parallelo utrinque instructum, mucrone inflexo terminatum, membranis cellulosis inter semina donatum, Semina ovali-oblonga, hilo lineari. Herbe aut suffrutices, ramis volu- bilibus, foliis pinnato-trifoliolatis. Racemi axillares multiflori pedicellis ternis. Flores ampli purpurascentes. Dec. prodr. 2. 404. C. bonariensis; foliolis ovatis obtusis cum acumine coriaceis glabris, racemis foliis longioribus, calycis labio inferiore unidentato. Caulis lignosus, sarmentosus, volubilis, teres. Folia ternata ;- foliola petiolulata, ovata, cum acumine obtuso, coriacea, integerrima, glaberrima. Racemi azillares, multiflori, penduli, glabri, apice leviter pubescentes. Flores gemini, ternive, e gibbis racheos, ad basin sub calyce bracteolis duabus minimis rotundis suffulti. Calyx viridis, campanulatus, bilabiatus, glaber, labio superiore maximo, foliaceo, bilobo, demüm reflexo, inferiore minimo, integerrimo, dentiformi. Vexillum magnum, obcordatum, purpureum, basi limbi callosum, pube quádam intra labia calli, abrupt? refractum, et inde in ungue acuminatum ; ale falcate, obtuse, vexillo breviores, purpurascentes ; carina longitudine alarum, eymbiformis, obtusa, purpurascens, cornubus baseos brevibus, incurvis. Stamina monadelpha, declinata, nullo modo dia- delpha; antheris oblongis, utrinque obtusis, alternis demissioribus. Ovarium Stipite villoso longo insidens, falcatum, pubescens, heptaspermum, in stylo lineari, ascendente, glabro acuminatum ; stigma glabrum, capitatum. (Semen magnum, Wisterie frutescentis, sec. cl. Herbertum.) This lovely climber is a native of Buenos Ayres, whence its seed was received by the Honourable and * Canavali is the name applied in Malabar to the species which con- stitutes the type of this genus. Reverend William Herbert, to whom we are indebted for the specimens from which our drawing was made. We learn from Mr. Herbert that the stem is woody, and sends out frequently horizontal or drooping runners, which cross along to the furthest extremities of the hothouse, rising up here and there to the top of the building, and again hanging down from the wires upon the rafters. A tender stove plant, flowering during most of the summer months. Our drawing was made in August last. Propagated, we presume, by cuttings. The remarkably dilated upper lip of the calyx, the minute lower lip, and the monadelphous stamens, distin- guish Canavalia satisfactorily from the other genera re- cently separated from Dolichos. The species now figured differs from the essential character ascribed to the genus by M. Decandolle, in the lower lip consisting of one minute tooth-like process, instead of three. We are not acquainted with the fruit; but we learn from Mr. Herbert that the seed was large, and very similar in size and colour to that of Wisteria frutescens. J. L. 1200 LOBÉLIA* longiflóra, Long-flowered Lobelia. SYNGENESIA MONOGAMIA. Nat. ord. LOBELIACEE. LOBELIA. —Supra, vol. 1. fol. 60. -— $ Lobelie herbacee, floribus axillaribus solitariis, corollis albis, tubo longissimo integro, limbo subregulari. (Solenanthis) Kunth synops. 2. 344. L. longiflora; herbacéa, foliis obovato-lanceolatis grossé dentatis subtüs hirtellis, dentibus denticulatis, pedunculis axillaribus brevissimis, tubo corollee longissimo, limbo zequali. Kunth l, c. Trachelium Sonchi folio, flore albo longissimo. Plumier ic. 353. f. 1. Rapunculus aquaticus foliis cichorii, flore albo, tubo longissimo, Sloane jam. 58. t. 101. f. 2. Rapuntium longiflorum. Mill. dict. no. 7. Lobelia longiflora. Linn. Jacq. amer. 219. Swartz obs. 317. Willd. sp. pl. 1. 942. Jacq. hort. vind. 1. t. 27. One of the most venomous of all known plants. It is common in St. Domingo, Cuba, Jamaica, and Martinique, where it grows in damp places, and by the side of streams. In this country it is only cultivated in the stove, where it is ararity. It is an annual, flowering in July and August, and seldom exceeds a foot in length. In its native country it is said to prove fatal to horses which eat it, swelling them until they burst; whence the Spaniards call it Rebenta cavallos. Taken internally, it acts as a violent cathartic, the effects of which no remedy can assuage, and which ends in death. The juice of the * Named in honour of Matthew Lobel, physician to James the First of England. He was born at Lisle, in 1538; and died in London, in 1616. He was a celebrated Botanist in his time. bruised leaves or stem applied to the eyes or lips excites a severe inflammation ; as Jacquin tells us he found to his cost, having accidentally allowed some of the juice to remain upon his hands. The natives of St. Domingo know the plant well, under the name of Quedec. For the opportunity of making the accompanying drawing, we are indebted to the liberality of his Grace the Duke of Northumberland, by whose permission it was communicated to us by Mr. Forrest, in August last, from the noble Collection at Syon House. ra 1201 DIGITÁLIS* laciniáta. Cut-leaved Foxglove. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. ScROPHULARINES. DIGITALIS. — Supra, vol. 1. fol. 48. D. laciniata ; foliis lanceolatis acuminatis laciniatis glabris, racemo subse- cundo, corollis pubescentibus: laciniis ovatis barbatis, bracteis omnibus pedicellis multó brevioribus. Caulis herbaceus, erectus, ramosus, glaber. Folia laciniata, acuminata, glabra, superioribus apice et basi integerrimis. Racemi numerosi, subse- cundi, glabri, foliis multd evectiores. Bractee ovate, pedicellis multd breviores. Calyx patens, corollá multd brevior, sepalis ovatis. Corolla lutea, pubescens, infundibularis, tubo limbo multà longiore, labüs barbatis, superiore bifido, inferioris lobo medio ovato, acuto. Stamina tubi longitudine. Specimens of this new species of Foxglove were com- municated to us by Messrs. Young, from their Nursery at Epsom, in July last. It had been raised from seeds col- lected upon the mountains about Malaga, by Mr. ies Barker Webb. It is unquestionably a new species, dif- fering from D. lutea, to which it is most nearly related, in its cut leaves, and short bractee. A hardy perennial, increased by division of the roots, and flowering in June and July. Stem erect, branched, smooth. Leaves jagged, acumi- nate, smooth, the uppermost entire at the point and base. Racemes numerous, somewhat one-sided, smooth, much * So called from the fancied resemblance of the flower to a thimble, digitabulum. The Germans call the Foxglove Fingerhut, which is the same thing. higher than the leaves. Bractee ovate, much shorter than the pedicels. Calyx spreading, far shorter than the corolla, with ovate sepals. Corolla yellow, downy, funnel- shaped; the tube considerably longer than the limb; the lips bearded, the upper bifid, the middle lobe of the lower one ovate, acute. Stamens the length of the tube. S: Bes mw 1202 -GESNERIA* macrostachya. Long-spiked Gesneria. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. GESNERIER. GESNERIA. — Supra, vol. 4. fol. 329. G. macrostachya; foliis oppositis cordato-ovatis crenatis rugosis incanis, corymbis terminalibus multifloris longé racemosis aphyllis. Radix tuberosus. Caules herbacei, annui, teretes, 2 pedes alti, tomen- tosi. Folia opposita, breviter petiolata, cordato-ovata, crenata, plana, rigida, incana. Flores corymbosi, in racemis multifloris, aphyllis, longis dispositi. Bractew breves, tomentose. Calyx ovatus, sericeus, quinquefidus, laciniis acutis, distantibus, equalibus. Corolla tubulosa, tomentosa, cylin- dracea, basi gibba, limbo subregulari, 5-lobo, laciniis rotundatis, inferioribus maculatis. Glandule due, laciniis superioribus alterne. This fine new Gesneria was sent to the Horticultural Society from Rio Janeiro, by Mr. Sellow, in 1825. Our drawing was made in the Chiswick Garden, in August 1826. It is a handsome tender stove herbaceous plant, flowering at all seasons of the year. Root tuberous. Stem herbaceous, annual, taper, 2 feet high, downy. Leaves opposite, on short stalks, cordate- ovate, crenate, flat, rigid, hoary. Flowers corymbose, in many - flowered racemes, destitute of leaves. Bractee short, dotruy. Calyx ovate, silky, 5-parted, with acute, equal, distant segments. Corolla tubular, downy, cylin- drical, gibbous at the base, with a nearly regular, 5-lobed limb, of which the segments are rounded, the lower being spotted. Glands 2, alternate with the upper segments. J. L. * See fol. 1158. 1203 H. A. Fuagwag 169 == DA eI SANA / 1203 A and B. CONOCÉPHALUS* naucleiflórus. Nauclea-flowered Conocephalus. DIECIA TETRANDRIA. Nat. ord. Urricem. $ Artocarpee. -CONOCEPHALUS Blume. — Flores diceci, capitato-spicati. Calyx tubulosus, (3-)4-fidus.—Masc.: Stamina (3,) 4; jilamentis non exsertis, carnosis. Rudimentum pistilli.— Fam.: Ovarium oblongo-cylindraceum, ovulo unico; stylus longus, indivisus. Nuces subbaccati, calyce excrescente tecti, congesti, compressiusculi. Testa subchartacea. Embryo exalbu- minosus (v. subexalbuminosus), inversus. Cotyledones subfoliacew, plano- convexe. Radicula brevis. Blume Bijdrag. p. 484, terminis pauld mutatis. C. naucleiflorus; caule radicante scandente, foliis oblongis acutis scabris, capitulis masculis dichotomé paniculatis, Urtica naucleiflora. Roxb. fl. ind. MS. Caulis lignosus, radicans, cortwe scabro, super arbores scandens. Folia alterna, petiolata, cordata, integra, glabra, 4-8 uncias longa, 3-6 lata ; petiolis teretibus, coloratis, dimidium foliorum equantibus ; stipulis ovato- oblongis, ferrugineis. Masc.: Capituli dichotome paniculati, ex axillis foliorum adultorum, pisiformes, à floribus minutis odoratissimis constantes. : Bractee ad dichotomias opposite, oblonge, ferruginee. Calyx tubulosus, 4-fidus, (in nostris exemplaribus trifidus), lacinüs cucullatis suprà antheras. Stamina tot quot lacini calycine, iisque opposita, plana, clavata ; antherce paululum exserte, cordate. Rudimentum ovarii capitatum, basi pubescens. Fom.: Capituli ut in mare dichotomé paniculati axillares, è floribus parvis, purpureis, pedicellatis, odoratissimis constantes. Calyx tubulosus, 4-fidus, laciniis sepe inequalibus. Ovarium superum, oblongum, uniloculare, ovulo unico erecto; stylus brevis; stigma oblongum, laterale. Nux calyce bac- cato vestita, epicarpio carnoso, endocarpio cartilagineo. Testa membranacea. Albumen in seminibus recentibus tenue. Embryo inversus. Cotyledones oblonge. Radicula supera, cylindracea.— Roxb. MSS. quoad foeminam, et partem maris. The ar” scd drawing was made some years since, in the Hothouse of the Comte de Vandes; but no * From xéves, a cone, and xs@«a}, a head ; in allusion to the form of the heads of flowers. VOLE XIV: N description having been taken of it at the time, its publi- cation has been deferred. An opportunity of examining fresh flowers having subsequently been afforded from the same extensive collection, we have ascertained that it is the Urtica naucleiflora of Roxburgh. It is one of the multitude of curious and beautiful plants for which our country is indebted to the splendid liberality of the Honourable Court of Directors of the East India Company; a liberality truly worthy of that princely body, which has been exercised in a manner absolutely unheard of in the annals of the most wealthy potentates, or of the most powerful governments; and which may be justly asserted to have conferred more real benefits upon science than the united efforts of all the sovereign princes of Europe. Under the patronage and protection of the East India Company, and by the indefatigable exertions of Dr. Wallich, the Flora of India has been explored to a degree which could never have been anticipated in the present generation ; and the bril- liant results of these researches have not been left to perish in a few private Gardens, or to moulder in the garrets of inaccessible and unarranged Museums. On the con- trary, enormous distributions have been making for years; not only all England, but the Hothouses of the most remote Gardens of Europe have been supplied with the vegetable wealth of India; and the best part of the Flora of Nipal will soon be as well known in the flower-gar- dens of English cottagers as to the Nipalese themselves. Of dried plants, unheard of multitudes are destined by the Company for distribution, under the direction of Dr. Wallich, among the publie and private collections both of England and of Europe. In short, the obligations imposed upon us by these acts of truly Oriental mu- nificence are of such a nature, that it has become the bounden duty of all men who have the interests of science and of civilization at heart, to take every opportunity of expressing the deep sense which they cannot but feel of measures which so redound to the honour and glory of the Company. For an opportunity of consulting the unpublished Flora of Roxburgh, we are indebted to the liberality of our friend Dr. Wallich. From the account of Urtica naucleiflora in N that work, much of what relates to the description of the male flowers of this plant, and all that is said of its female flowers, has been gleaned. From the same source we learn that it is “a large scandent, woody plant, common in the forests of Chittagong, Silhet, &c., and the eastern frontier of Bengal. In the former it is known by the vernacular name of Dolea Lat; and in the latter it is called Lat Cadam (i.e. scandent Nauclea). The flowers are beautiful and fragrant, and appear at various times throughout the year; but they ripen best about or before the beginning of the rains." By the kind permission of Dr. Wallich, we subjoin an extract from Dr. Roxburgh's MS. Flora. Stem stout, and woody, covered with dark-coloured, Scabrous bark, the whole extending to a great length by climbing up and over trees, &c. Leaves alternate, petioled, cordate, entire, smooth, from 4 to 8 inches long, by from 3 to 6 broad. Petioles half the length of the leaves, round, coloured. Stipules axillary, solitary, large, ovate, oblong, smooth, of a dark ferruginous colour. — Male. Panicles from the old axille, composed of numerous small globular heads of minute, yellow, very fragrant flowers. Bractee in pairs, at the divisions of the panicle, oval and oblong, coloured like the stipule. Perianthium 4-leaved, leaflets oblong, concave, subcucullate over the anthers. Filaments very broad and short; -anthers cordate. Germ none, but a columnar-headed gland in its place. — Female on a dif- ferent plant. Peduncles from the axille of the former leaves, as in the male, generally solitary, once or twice dichotomous, with a large globular head of small, beauti- ful, purple, fragrant, pedicelled florets on each division. Bractee as in the male. Perianthium 1-leaved, 4-parted ; segments often unequal. Stamens none. Germ superior, oblong, 1-celled, containing one ovulum, attached to the bottom of the cell; style short; stigma lateral, oblong. The succulent calyx covers a single oblong nut, which has an exterior succulent coat, and an interior thin hard one. The testa is membranous. Albumen, while the seed is recent, thin and succulent. Embryo inverted. Coty- ledons 2, oblong. Radicle cylindrical, superior. We should observe, that both Roxburgh and Dr. Blume describe their plants as tetrandrous; those which we examined were certainly triandrous. Plate A represents the lower part of the stem, and the flowers of the natural size. Plate B exhibits a di- minished figure of the plant, together with dissections of the male flowers; of these the upper left figure is the head of flowers; that beneath it is a single floret torn open, shewing the position of the stamens and rudiment ; the upper right figure is that of several male florets in their natural position ; the lower on the same side are a stamen and the rudiment of the ovarium. The brief description given by Dr. Blume of his Cono- cephalus suaveolens is not sufficient to distinguish that species from the present; it is probable, however, that it is a different plant. y: Las 2 4 "R Ded by I Lii apu ay (Eg naar Sure iA SH x 1204 HOSTA* cxrúlea. Blue- flowered Hosta. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. VERBENACER, . HOSTA Jacq.— Calyx obsolete bilabiatus, 4-dentatus. Corolla sub- ringens; laciniá intermedia labii inferioris amplá, emarginat#. Drupa nuce 4-loculari, 4-sperma. Pers. synops. 2. 143. Hosta cerulea. Jacq. hort. Schónbr. 1. p. 60. t. 114. Link. enum. 2. 127. Hostana cerulea. Pers. syn. 2. 143. Cornutia punctata. Willd. sp. pl. 3. 322. enum. 2. 654. Cornutia pyramidata. “Linn. sp. pl. 876. sec. Ait. Kew. ed. 2. 4. 45. non Hort. Cliff nec Plumieri. Frutex quadripedalis, ramis tetragonis: | Folia opposita, petiolata, ovata, acuminata, basi attenuata, subdentata, glabriuscula. Corymbi axillares, foliis breviores, trichotomi. Flores cerulei, sub lente. punctis albis glandu- loses conspersi. Drupa globosa, nuce quadriloculari. Willd. A native of South America and the West Indies, whence it is recorded in the Hortus Kewensis to have been intro- duced before 1733, by Dr. Houstoun. Our drawing was made from a small plant in the collection at Syon, where it is found by Mr. Forrest to require a much more con- siderable degree of heat than is usual with stove plants. Willdenow proposes to unite Hosta with Cornutia, because he thinks the fruit of the true Cornutia has been carelessly described by Plumier; and that it is in fact the same as that of Hosta. But surely the arguments of the skilful Botanist by whom this opinion is held, depend too much upon mere conjecture to deserve attention ; * So called by Baron Jacquin, in compliment to his celebrated country- man Dr. Nicholas Thomas Host, a distinguished Botanist, and now chief physician at the court of Vienna. besides which, we find the two genera separated by Persoon, and also by Professor Link. A beautiful stove shrub, seldom growing more than 4 feet high. Branches four-cornered. Leaves opposite, stalked, ovate, acuminate, tapering to the base, somewhat toothed, smoothish. Corymbs axillary, shorter than the leaves, trichotomous. Flowers blue, with numerous white, glandular dots, only visible beneath a microscope. Drupe globose, with a four-celled nut. = 1205 SALVIA* involucráta. Broad-bracted Sage. DIANDRIA MONOGY NI A. Nat. ord. LABIATA. SALVIA. — Supra, vol. 4. fol. 347. S. involucrata; glabra, foliis cordato-ovatis acuminatis serratis, verticillis sexfloris, bracteis magnis coloratis deciduis, corollà ventricosá glabra calycem longé superante. Hooker in bot. mag. fol. 2872. S. involucrata. Cav. ic. 2. p. 3. t. 105. Willd. sp. pl. 1. 147. Spreng. syst. 1. 62. S. levigata. Humboldt et Kunth nov. gen. et sp. pl. 2. p. 238. t. 147. Spreng. syst. 1. 64. Caulis orgyalis et ultra, quadrangularis, suffruticosa. Folia cordato- ovata, acuminata, serrata, glabra, venis purpurascentibus. Flores capitato- thyrsoidei, late purpurei, ternatim ex axillis bractearum ovatarum, mag- narum, deciduarum, coloratarum, provenientes, pedicellati. Calyx coloratus, bilabiatus, labio superiore acuto integro, inferiore breviore bidentato. Co- rola ventricosa, glabra, unciam et ultra longa, galed pubescente, labio rotundato, trilobo. Anthere parve, albe, uniloculares, connectivo deorsüm longé producto, semisagittato. Stylus pubescens. This very handsome plant is a native of Mexico, whence it was lately introduced by Mr. George Acker- mann, by whom its seeds were given to Mr. Tate. It is a most lovely border flower during the autumn months; and in the conservatory it is in blossom during the greater part of the summer. Propagated freely by cuttings, and requiring just the same treatment as Salvia splendens. Our drawing was made in Mr. Tate's Nursery, in October last. * From salvo, to save or cure; in allusion to the reputed medicinal quali- ties of some species. We entirely agree with our friend Dr. Hooker, in con- sidering S. levigata of Humboldt and Kunth identical with the S. involucrata of Cavanilles. We do not discover the slightest difference between those two supposed species. Stem exceeding the human stature, 4-cornered, some- what shrubby. Leaves cordate-ovate, acuminate, ser- rated, smooth, with purplish veins. Flowers in capitate thyrses, bright rich purple or lake colour, growing by threes out of the axille of large, ovate, deciduous, coloured bractee. Calyx coloured, 2-lipped; the upper lip acute, entire, the lower shorter, with two obscure teeth. Corolla inflated, smooth, an inch and more long, the helmet downy, the lip rounded, with 3 lobes. Anthers small, white, l-celled, the connectivum elongated downwards into a sort of semisagittate straight process. Style pubescent. J. L. 1206 MAXILLÁRIA* ciliáta. Fringed-lipped Mazillaria. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. ORCHIDEE. $ Vander Lindley. MAXILLARIA. — Supra, vol. 11. fol. 897. M. ciliata; pseudo-bulbis ovatis ancipitibus, foliis lanceolatis 3-pluricos- tatis, scapo unifloro, labio abbreviato fimbriato. Dendrobium ciliatum. Swartz. Pers. syn. 2. 523. Maxillaria ciliata. Flor. peruv. syst. p. 221. Caules bulbiformes, ovati, sub-ancipites, diphylli. Folia lanceolata, 3-pluricostata, acuminata. capi radicales, uniflori, flexuosi, vaginati, pseudo-bulbis pauld longiores. Flores magni, herbacei. Sepala ovato-lan- ceolata, subequalia ; inferiora cum processu elongato columne connata; petala conformia, minora. Labellum cum columnd articulatum, disco lobi medii fimbriati cristá lata sulcatá abrupté terminato. Columna marginata, clavata. Pollinia 4, per retinaculum glandule afixa. A native of woods in South America, flowering in the autumn. It is among the most curious of the Maxillaria tribe, and is readily distinguished by its short, fringed lip. With us it is a tender epiphyte, requiring the heat of a good stove. Our drawing was made in Mr. Lee’s Nursery, in May 1828. The stems are short, ovate, compressed, and bulb-like, each bearing two lanceolate, plaited, sharp-pointed /eaves, which have from three to a greater number of ribs. The scapes arise from the root, each bearing one flower, flexu- ose, sheathed with convolute, obtuse scales, a little longer than the bulb-like stems. lowers large, green. * From the maxille or jaws of an insect, to which some resemblance has been found in the column and lip of the genus. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, nearly equal, the lower connate with the elongated process of the column; petals of the same shape, but smaller. Zip articulated with the column, the disc of the middle lobe, which is fringed, terminated abruptly by a broad, furrowed crest. Column bordered, clavate. Pollen masses 4, attached to the gland by a common stalk. The bulbs, as they are improperly but commonly called, of this tribe of Orchidee, are in fact stems in a particular state: Botanists have as yet given no definite name to them, wherefore we propose hereafter to distinguish them by the denomination of pseudo-bulbs. i 1207 PYRUS* angustifólia. The Evergreen Crab. ICOSANDRIA DI.PENTAGY NIA. Nat. ord. POMACES. PYRUS. — Suprá, vol. 6. fol. 514. P. angustifolia; folis lanceolato-oblongis basi acutis leviter crenato-den- tatis nitidis, pedunculis corymbosis. Willd. sp. pl. 2. 1020. Pursh Ji. am. sept. 1.340. Smith in Rees, no. 17. Watson dendrol. brit. 6 132. . coronaria. Wangenh. am. 61. t. 21. f. 47. . pumila of some nurseries. va "d This handsome hardy shrub is not often found in cul- tivation, and yet it deserves to be known much more than many of greater note. In sheltered situations, or in mild winters, it is nearly evergreen, especially if its shoots are not over vigorous. In the low woods of Carolina, which are its birth-place, it forms a small tree, resembling Pyrus coronaria. Perfectly hardy, and propagated by grafting upon the common Crabstock. According to the Hortus Kewensis, it was introduced in 1750, by Mr. Christopher Gray. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, in May 1828. The fruit is said to be a small green turbinate pome, not bigger than a haw. A small tree or large bush, growing from 8 to 10 feet * See fol. 1196. high, with lead-coloured speckled branches. Leaves oblong, smooth, deep green, either serrated or somewhat pin- natifid; the midrib and petiole pubescent. Flowers pink and white, with spatulate, distant petals. Calyr with a smooth tube and cottony segments. Styles 5, woolly at the base. J. L. 1208 PJEÓNIA* hybrida. Hybrid Peony. POLYANDRIA 7RI-PENTAGYNIA. Nat. ord. RANUNCULACEAE. PA ONIA.— Supra, vol. 1. fol. 42. P. hybrida; herbacea, folliculis recurvatis pubescentibus, folis multipar- titis : laciniis linearibus acuminatis glabris, flore cernuo foliis longiore. P. hybrida. Pall. fl. ross. 2. p. 94. t. 86. Willd. sp. pl. 2. 1223. Ait. Kew. ed. 2. 3. 316. Smith in Rees, in loco, no. 10. Decand. syst. 1. 393; prodr. 1.66. Bieb. fl. taur. cauc. 9.11. 4 4. 2907. This is the most beautiful of the cut-leaved Pzonies, from all which it differs strikingly in the deeper red of its flowers. At the time of publishing the Monograph of Peonia in the Transactions of the Linnean Society, no other knowledge was possessed of this than was to be gathered from the figure and account given of it by Pallas in his Flora Rossica; and from these imperfect materials it was referred to P. tenuifolia, as a mere variety. Within a few years roots have been obtained by the Horticultural Society from several quarters, and the study of them in a growing state has now made it evident that it is a genuine species. At least, we have Mr. Sabine's * So named by the ancients in memory of Peon, the physician whom Homer records as having cured Pluto with this herb, when he was wounded by Hercules. We presume its virtues are altogether reserved for such august occasions, they having never been made manifest on any other, as far as we know. The zw of Dioscorides evidently appears, by his very particular description, to be our plant. What he distinguishes by the gratuitous appellation of male and female, are now acknowledged to be two species, though Linneus considers them as varieties of one, by the name of P. officinalis. — Smith in Rees’ Cycl. authority to say that such is his opinion ; and this, in the genus Peony, must have great weight. From the observations of the same gentleman, we learn that the characters which can be certainly depended upon in distinguishing P. hybrida from P. tenuifolia, are, firstly, the nodding flower of the former, as contrasted with the erect flower of the latter; secondly, the greater length of the peduncle, by which the flower of P. hybrida is ele- vated distinctly above the leaves, while that of P. tenui- folia is always overtopped by them; and, lastly, in the greater breadth of the leaves of P. hybrida. From P. anomala it is readily separated by its downy, not smooth, fruit. Pallas states, that he first observed this in the Peters- burgh Garden, coming up among P. tenuifolia and P. ano- mala, whence he inferred that it was hybrid between those two species. He, however, subsequently found it wild in Tauria; and there now appears in the opinion. of Russian Botanists to be no ground for the notion of its hybrid origin. It is said, upon the authority of Dr. Fischer, to be wild about the Volga. According to Marschall von Bieberstein, it is native of grassy places in the promontory of the Caucasus, espe- cially about Stauropolis; but it is very rare in Tauria. The same writer adds, that it propagates itself without variation from seeds; and that P. laciniata of Willdenow, cited to P. tenuifolia by M. Decandolle, is the same as P. hybrida. Our drawing was made in May 1828, in the Garden of the Horticultural Society. J. L. /209. 1209 HEDYCHIUM* cocefneum. Scarlet Garland Flower. MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. SciTAMINER. HEDYCHIUM. Supra, vol. 2. fol. 157. E: 1 LN H.. coccineum; spicá elongata oblonga glaucescente, fasciculis subtrifloris Ciega limbi interioris laciniis cultriformibus, labello subrotundo ilobo plicato: lobis acutiusculis ungue brevi gracili, stamine concolore "labello duplö longiore, foliis ensiformibus bifariis à basi attenuatis subtüs glaucis: costa pilosà. Wallich MSS. _ H. coccineum, Hamilton in Rees, no. 5. Bot. cab. 8. t. 705. Cat. of bot. gard. calc. ed. 2. ined. "he: 41 DA H. longifolium. Roscoe's scit. mon. opt. sec. cel. Wallich. H. angustifolium. ` Ejusdem sec. Wallich. Caules erecti, graciliores quàm in speciebus ccm aliis, quadri- pedales, juxta latera! vaginarum glaucescentes. Folia subbifaria, erecto- patentia, è basi parúm rotundata, bipedalia, ciliata, sensim attenuata in acumen tenuissimum: filiforme, subtús glauca, costá pilosá. Ligula brevis, truncata, retusa, nunc biloba, Spica 10-pollicaris-pedalis, rachi irregu- lariter triangulari, villis longis laxé adpressis solubilibus copiosis vestita. Fasciculi sparsi, patentes, biflori, rarius ori. Flores saturaté coccinei, feré inodori. Bracteee exteriores oblonge, vix acute, ciliate, leviter glau- cescentes, 14 lineas longe, tubo corolle ter breviores. Calyx villosulus, ore bidentato. Limbi corolle exterioris lacinise contorte, tubo parúm breviores, interioris breviores, semilanceolate, margine antico gibboso, basi attenuate. Labellum rhomboideo-subrotundum, basi rotundatá infundibuliformi compli- catum, ad medium bifidum; lobi paràm divergentes, acutiusculi, ovati ; unguis limbo dimidio brevior, canaliculatus. — Filamentum labello dupl) longius, arcuato-divaricatum, antheraque oblonga, coccinea. Ovarium vil- losun. - Stigma ab apice anthere sepius parüm solutum. Wallich MSS. For the opportunity of making a drawing of this species of Hedychium, we are obliged to Mr. Hatfield, of the — * From vs, sweet, and yw», snow; alluding to the fragrance and white- ness of the flowers of the original species. Alpha Cottages, by whom it had been obtained from the Botanic Garden of Liverpool. It is one of the many plants brought to our Gardens from India by the liberality of the Honourable Court of Directors of the East India | Company. To the kindness of our much-valued friend Dr. Wallich we are indebted for the excellent description we have given above, and for all the remarks we have to offer upon it. He observes, that “ It is widely ‚different from all the other species by the deep red colour -of its flowers, and perfectly spear-shaped leaves. In p. 82 of the first volume of Roxburgh’s Flora Indica, I men- tioned that it was a distinct species from H. angustifolium, which has been well represented in the Botanical Register, vol. 2, p. 157, and in the Botanical Magazine, vol. 46, 2078. H. coccineum of Loddiges's Botanical Cabinet gives a good representation of the plant as to leaves, but the colour of its flowers differs.” The synonyms of Mr. Roscoe have been also kindly furnished by Dr. Wallich: we unfortunately possess no ready means of access to the former distinguished Botanist’s splendid Monograph. TE -— 7210, 1210 CALATHÉA* grandifólia. Large-leaved Calathea. MONANDRIA MONOGY NIA. Nat. ord. CANNES. CALATHEA. — Supra, vol. 11. fol. 932. : C. longifolia ; petiolis longis cylindraceis basi vaginantibus, foliis oblongis apiculatis subundulatis lucidis glabris concoloribus, capitulis oblongis, bracteis undulatis obtusis floribus brevioribus, labello cuneato api- culato, Acaulis. Folia disticha, 3-pedalia, horizontaliter patentia, oblonga, apiculata, lucida, glaberrima, paululim undulata, petiolis breviora ; petioli glabri, basi vaginantes, collo cylindraceo, lucido, arcuato. Capitulum ter- minale, oblongum; bractee obtuse, undulate, laze, floribus breviores. Calyx laciniis ovalibus, membranaceis. Corolla lutea, tubo calyce dupl) longiore, arcuato, limbo exteriore 3-partito, laciniis patentibus, oblongis. Labellum anticum, cuneatum, apiculatum. Stamina 3, quorum duo sterilia ; horum alterum planum, petaloideum, labello oppositum, alterum ad latus labelli, cucullatum ad stigma retinendum; fertile ad latus labelli, bilobum, lobo antico sterili depauperato, postico antherifero. Ovarium triloculare ; ovula solitaria. ; This fine new species was introduced to the Horti- cultural Society's Garden from Rio Janeiro, in 1826, by Sir Henry Chamberlaine, along with a large collection of other rare plants. It flowered for the first time in a stove in the year 1827, and has since continued to flourish in great beauty: but it does not increase at the root; so that it is likely to remain a rare plant, unless imported direct from the Brazils. * So named by Dr. Meyer; derived, no doubt, from the Greek word xé^a9» : but whether in the sense of cup, in allusion to the cup-like stigma ; or of a basket, in allusion to the dried leaves being used in basket-work, we do not know. VOL. XIV, O It grows readily in rich decayed vegetable earth ; and is probably native of woods near Rio Janeiro, whence we have a wild specimen. We had hoped ere this to have acquired the materials necessary to explain. the generic differences between Calathea and Phrynium: we have not, however, yet been fortunate enough to procure sufficiently perfect flowers of the latter to satisfy ourselves as to their true structure. We are, therefore, still obliged to defer a com- plete character of Calathea. | But if we understand rightly Roxburgh's account of Phrynium capitatum, it must be sufficiently distinct in having an inner limb of five pieces, two of which it is to be presumed belong to the series represented in Calathea by the labellum, and three to that of the stamens. It would also seem that its filament is simple, while that of Calathea is divided into two unequal lobes, of which the posterior is that which bears the anther. The following is an enumeration of the plants which are probably referable to this genus : — — . Calathea zebrina. Lindley. Syn. Maranta zebrina. Supra, vol. 5. fol. 385. . Calathea flavescens. Lindley. Supra, vol. 11. fol. 932. - Calathea violacea. Lindley. Supra, vol. 12. fol. 961. : Calathea longibracteata. Lindley. Supra, vol. 12. fol. 1020. . Calathea grandifolia. Hujus loct. . Calathea macilenta. Lindley. 5 C. petiolis marginatis vaginantibus, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis concoloribus glabris, capitulis ovatis. subcernuis compressis, bracteis subrotundis planis floribus brevioribus, labello et stamine petaloidec opposito subeequalibus. Native of Rio Janeiro. Garden of the Horticultural Society. Flowers white. 7. Calathea discolor. Meyer. Syn. Maranta Casupo. Jacq. 8. Calathea Casupito. Römer et Schultes, Syn. Maranta Casupito. Jacq. 9. Calathea lutea. Rómer et Schultes. Syn. Maranta lutea. Lam. 210. Calathea juncea. Romer et Schultes. Syn. Maranta juncea. Lam. Maranta Arouma. Aubl. Maranta petiolata. Rudge. 11. Calathea capitata. Lindley. Syn. Maranta capitata. Fl. Peruv. D Da ET S hee a 12. Calathea lateralis. Lindley. Syn. Maranta lateralis, Fl. Peruv. 13. Calathea comosa. Lindley. Syn. Maranta comosa. Linn. 14. Calathea Allouia. Lindley. Syn. Maranta Allouia, Aubl. 15. Calathea Cachibou. Lindley. Syn. Maranta Cachibou. Jacq. ' Maranta lutea. Aubl. 16. Calathea ovata. Lindley. Syn. Phrynium ovatum. N. et M, 17. Calathea dubia. Lindley. Syn. Maranta dubia. N. et M. Besides the above, there are two or three other Brazilian plants in our Gardens which have not yet flowered, but which are probably new species of Ca- lathea. Stemless. Leaves distichous, 3 feet long, spreading horizontally, oblong, apiculate, lucid, quite smooth, a little undulated, shorter than the petioles. Petioles smooth, sheathing at the base, with a shining, cylindrical, curved neck. Head of flowers terminal, oblong; bractee obtuse, undulated, loose, shorter than the flowers. Calyx with ovate, membranous segments. Corolla yellow, twice the length of the calyx; the tube curved; the outer limb 3-parted, with spreading, oblong segments. Zabellum anterior, wedge-shaped, with a small point. Stamens 3, of which two are sterile; of these one is flat and petaloid, and placed opposite the labellum, the other is stationed on one side of the labellum, and has a hooded end for the urpose of keeping down the stigma; the fertile stamen is on the other side of the labellum, and is 2-lobed, one lobe being sterile and starved, the other perfect and having the anther. J. L. 4244 1211 CHELÓNE* nemorósa. Grove Chelone: Te DIDYNAMIA GY MNOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. SCROPHULARINER. CHELONE. — Supra, vol. 2. fol. 175. C. nemorosa : foliis ovatis acuminatis serratis ; superioribus amplexicaulibus cordatis, pedunculis nudis trifloris pubescentibus. C. nemorosa. Douglas ined. Caulis ramosus, pedalis, sub-erectus, glaber. Folia glabra, serrata, acuminata, subpetiolata, superioribus cordatis, amplexicaulibus. Pedunculi axillares, triflori, foliis breviores, pubescentes, bracteis subulatis. Sepala subulata, subequalia. Corolla ventricosa, roseo-purpurea, subpubescens, labio superiore bifido, transverso ; inferiore trilobo, plano, laciniis retusis, palato plicato. Anthere lanuginose. Semina marginata. x äh a A native of mountain woods, near springs and rivulets, in the north-west of North America, where it was dis- covered by Mr. Douglas flowering from July to September. It was raised from seeds in the Garden of the Horticultural Society in 1827, and flowered in July and August 1828, at which season our drawing was made. There is no genus to which this plant can be referred with more propriety than to Chelone; but it is by no means a genuine species of that genus. In habit it is intermediate between Pentstemon and Chelone, and its structure is not exactly that of either. The soil which suits the species is a rich vegetable mould, among other plants: it is most advantageously * Derived from x4», the Greek name of the Tortoise, from some fancied resemblance between the back of the flower and the back of that animal. grown among American shrubs, in an east or west border. Exposure to too much sun is hurtful to it. The following is Mr. Douglas’s description : — Stem decumbent, smooth. Leaves nearly sessile, ovate, acuminate, serrate, strongly nerved. Peduncle axillary, pubescent. Segments of the calyx nearly equal, linear, acute. Corolla ringent, slightly hairy on the outside, the lower lip plaited. Anthers white, lou gern Seeds conspicuously winged. J. L. 1212 K/EMPFERIA* Roscoeána. Mr. Roscoe's Kempferia. . MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. SCITAMINEA. KEMPFERIA.— Supra, vol. 2. fol. 173. y K. Roscoeana ; tuberibus fasciculatis. subsessilibus oblongis; caule nullo; foliis terre decumbentibus suborbiculatis acutis suprà variegatis; flori- bus paucis radicalibus fascieulatis erectis sessilibus; limbo exteriore breviore, interiote plano patentissimo, laciniis obovatis obtusis, anticá profundé biloba. ` Wallich MSS. Radix corstans tuberibus numerosis, oblongis, sesquipollicaribus, feré sessilibus, pallidis, intús aqueo-albidis, inodoris, et insipidis. Caulis nullus nisi petioli foliorum brevissimi, dilatati, invicem imbricantes. Folia bina, opposita, evolutione cylindraceo-convoluta et erecta, mox verb plana, paten- tissima, terreque .arcte depressa, . latissime ovata, fere orbiculata, acuta, parim undulata, membranaceo- marginulata, firma, subcarnosa, opaca, 5-6-pollicaria, suprà ex amænè viridi.et purpureo fasciatim variegata, propter punctula minuta mollia, innumera fere velutina, subtis pallida, costá latd, basin versús prominente, nervisque pluribus. gracilibus ad apicem convergentibus ; .basi rotundata, vel obselete retusa. Flores inter bases Joliorum. radicales, erecti, pauci, sessiles, candidi, inodori, magni. Bractee due, lineari-lanceolate, hyaline, unguiculares, basi tubi calycique adpresse. Calyx brevis, subcylindricus, oblique acutus, tenuissimus, glaber. Tubus cylindricus, sesquipollicaris. Limbus planus, patentissimus, diametro fere bipollicari. Lacinie tres exteriores lineares, acute, unguiculares, subequales ; interiores obovate, obtuse, pollicares ; antica major profunde biloba, lobis rotundatis, basi versüs faucem leviter convexa et flavicans. Filamenta perquam. brevia, summo tubo anticà inserta, gerentia antheram oblongam, subcristatam, obtusam, canaliculatam, inclusam, loculis marginalibus gra- wy ; polline albido. Stigma cuneatum, pubescens, antherá brevius. Wal- ich MSS. oe * When I found this elegant and singular species it was out of flower, but in perfect foliage. On my return to * Named in honour of Engelbert Keempfer, a learned German, who travelled in the East in the end of the seventeenth century, and who was the first to publish any important information upon Japan. the Botanic Garden in Calcutta, a few roots which I had brought with me produced fresh leaves at the commence- ment of the rainy season of 1827; and in July the plant bore a succession of flowers. The leaves are extremely beautiful, being marked on their upper surface with dark- green and purple belts or spots, not very unlike the leaves of Maranta zebrina: in form and decumbent posture they resemble those of Keempferia Galanga. * Besides this species, I have brought three others with me from the Burma countries to Bengal, namely, one from the Teak forests, on the Attran river, in Martaban (K. candida Wall.), and two from Pegu and Martaban (K. Crawfurdiana and K. parviflora Wall.) 1 have dedi- cated the species described above, and also a superb Curcuma, with large igneous spikes, which I found in Pegu and the Tenasserim coast, to my highly revered friend William Roscoe, Esq. of Liverpool, whose splendid Monography of the beautiful but most difficult tribe to which both those plants belong, reflects new lustre upon a name already immortalised in the annals of literature and philanthropy." For the whole of the preceding very important informa- tion, we have to express our acknowledgments to the liberality of Dr. Wallich. This, and another article in the present Number, will serve to. convey some idea of the minute attention which has been given to every part of Indian Botany by our distinguished friend, and of what may be expected from the splendid works, to the publica- tion of which he is now devoting himself. Our drawing was made in October last, in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, from plants brought home by Dr. Wallich; but as the flowers did not expand perfectly, the figure has been completed, by that gentleman's per- mission, from an Indian drawing in his possession. It is a tender and rather delicate stove plant, native of damp shady rocks, upon the mountain Taong Dong, near Ava, where it was found, in November 1826, at the elevation of about a thousand feet. JC EM. ——————— M o 1213 PHOLIDOTA* imbricata. Imbricated Pholidota. GYNANDRIA MON ANDRIA. Nat. ord. Oncurpgx. $ Malaxidee. Lindley. PHOLIDOTA Lindley. — Pollinia 4, cereacea, libera, glandulä nulla. Anthera terminalis, decidua, bilocularis, 4-valvis! Stigma cuneatum, in processu saliente columns insertum. Columna brevis, utrinque alata, carnosa. Labellum saccatum, cucullatum, tridentatum. Petala linearia, erecta. Sepala conniventia, concava, duobus inferioribus carinatis. Spicee imbricate terminales. Folia coriacea in pseudo-bulbis solitaria. P. imbricata; pseudo-bulbis sulcatis ovatis obtusis fasciculatis, foliis ob- longis coriaceis plicatis, racemis distichis pendulis imbricatis, -P. imbricata. Lindley in Hooker's exotic Flora, fol. 138. Cymbidium imbricatum. Roxb. MSS. Hort. Beng. p. 63. Ornithidium imbricatum. Wallich MSS. Ptilocnema bracteatum. Don prodr. fl. Nep. 33. Wellia-Theka-Maravara, vel Mau-Maravara. Rheede Malab. XII. 47. t. 24, Planta perennis, omnibus partibus levis, laté supra arbores serpens, Frequentissime dependens, nunc nutans. Caules consistunt bulbis fasci- culatis, numerosis, carnosis, bipollicaribus, oblongo-cylindricis, v. subovatis, obtusis, obsolete angulatis, unifoliis, indutis bracteis aliquot magnis, in- equalibus, lanceolatis, emarcescentibus. Folium è vertice bulbi petiolatum, coriaceum, crassum, valdé rigidum, lanceolatum, utrinque attenuatum, acutum, sulcato-plicatum, pedale ad sesquipedale, quinquenervium, supra atro-viride, nitidum, subtüs opacum, costá robustd valde elevatd. Petiolus crassus, firmus, suprà canaliculatus, bi-tri-pollicaris. Kacemus solitarius, luxus, pedunculatus, è sinu folii nutans v. pendulus, lineari -oblongus, complanatus, distichus, folii apicem plerumque attingens. Pedunculus gracillimus, lignosus, filiformis, mudus, exceptis bracteis racemi infimis vacuis, vaginantibus, imbricatis. Rachis compressiuscula, leviter flexuosa. Flores numerosi, utrinque circiter 40, inter minores, exactissime bifarü, alterni, approximat? patentes, pallidé flavicantes, inodori, pedicellis brevi- bus, clavatis. Bractee infra singulum florem solitarie, magne, fere unguiculares, patentissime, late ovate, denticulate, concave, scariose, * Derived from $eAk, a scale, and ove oros, an ear; in allusion to the scaly ear-like bracteee of the spike. Si ddp mum TEE soa so TER ENS. BE en ante anthesin in spicam subcylindricam imbricata, persistentes, infime pauce abortive. Perianthium ringens, bilabiatum, pentaphyllum, mem- branaceum ; foliola distincta; exteriorum alterum ovatum, acutum, forni- catum, cum interioribus falcatis occultis in galeam posticam connivens, altera parüm majora, dissimilia, prismatico-scaphoidea, marginibus inte- rioribus parallelis, dorso gibboso-carinata, labello supposita, cumque illo labium inferius efficientia. - Labellum sessile, cucullato-ventricosum, subin- clusum, basi semicirculari columne haud producte accretum, ore truncatum, fundo intüs cristulis duabus elevatis; lamina brevissime unguiculata, re- curvata, biloba, lobis semicordatis, obtusis, crenulatis. Columna medio car- nosa (elevata), lateribus apiceque marginata membranulá latiusculá, scuti- formis. Anthera terminalis, rotundata, subdidyma, rufescens, apici columne adnata, bilocularis, loculis prominulis bivalvibus, valvulis inferioribus minoribus. Masse pollinis ovate, cereacee, posticó sulculo notate, in singulo loculo geminate, pedicellis propriis apice convexis. Stigma ad apicem columne, horizontale, vertice valvatum, demüm clausum. Wal- lich MSS. The preceding elaborate, and most excellent descrip- tion, made from plants observed in India, has been kindly communicated to us by our valued friend Dr. Wallich, by whom an account of this and a second species was long ago prepared for publication. At that time he proposed to refer them to Ornithidium, remarking, however, at the same time, that certain peculiarities of structure, which had not escaped his accurate observation, ** would perhaps require the plant to be formed into a new genus." This measure we had ourselves adopted, so long since as 1824, and having communicated the name now retained to Dr. Hooker, the species was published in the Erotic llora, in January 1825 ; but at that time no knowledge was possessed in this country of Dr. Wallich's MS. name. The genus Ornithidium, to which Pholidota' is undoubt- edly very nearly allied, is distinguished by its labellum being partially connate with the column, by the column being taper, not round, by the anther having only two valves, and by its pollen masses being fixed upon a gland. In this last point the figure in the Exotic Flora of Or- nithidium coccineum, otherwise excellent, is defective, the pollen masses being there represented as lying loose in the cells of the anther; and, tberefore, as having the struc- ture of Malaxidez, instead of that of Vandee. . A native of several parts of India. Dr. Wallich informs us, that he has found it on the mountains west of Ava, also high up the rivers in Martaban, and on the mountains upon the Tenasserim coast; and that he does not find it differ in any respect from the species as found in Nipal, where it is exceedingly common, as well as in Sylhet and Chittagong, growing parasitically upon trees in mountain forests. Our drawing was made last November, in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, to which establishment it had been presented by the Honourable Court of Directors of the East India Company, along with a great quantity of other most rare and valuable plants personally brought to England in the summer of 1828 by Dr. Wallich. It is a stove plant, requiring the same treatment as other similar epiphytes, but by no means difficult to cul- tivate. At the same time with this, the other species of Pholidota above alluded to (undulata Wall.) was brought home; and is thus, it is to be hoped, secured to our Gardens: it is a much more delicate plant. Upon the subject of its cultivation, Dr. Wallich re- marked in the paper from which the foregoing extracts have been made, that, ** Like most members of this lovely tribe, it is easily made to grow on the trunks of old trees, taking care to place some vegetable mould under its roots, and tying it so as to retain its situation. It requires constant humectation, which is easily effected by means of a small vessel suspended over it, with a perforated bottom, through which the water is led down upon the plant by means of a string, the upper end of which fills, though it does not quite shut up, the aperture of the vessel. It is propagated by separating its bulbous stems, which generally form dense tufts, ornamented with evergreen, dark-coloured, shining leaves, of a peculiarly firm and leathery texture." J. L. 4/24 4 1214 CALCEOLARIA* floribunda. Many -flowered. Lady's Slipper. DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. ScROPHULARINER. CALCEOLA RIA. — Supra, vol. 9. fol. 723. C. floribunda ; hirtello-viscosa, foliis ovatis basi attenuatis amplexicaulibus dentatis pubescentibus, superioribus cordatis sessilibus, racemis paten- tissimis pendulisve bifidis multifloris, sepalis ovatis, floribus geminis. C. floribunda. Humb. Bonpl. et Kunth nov. gen. et sp. pl. 2. 309. Römer et Schultes syst. veg. 7. 160. Spreng. syst. 1. 46. C. paniculata. Herb. Willd. sec. R. et S. C. connata, Bot. mag. 2876. Planta 3-pedalis, erecta, ramosa, in hortis herbacea, subannua, vero- similiter in solo natali suffrutescens. Caulis erectus, teres, glanduloso-hir- sutus, viscosus, percurrens (axin occupans), unde ramos quosdam, paucos verb, emittit. Folia let? viridia, glanduloso-pubescentia, subrugosa, utrinque concolora, dentata, acuta, inferiora ovata in petiolum attenuata, amplexi- caulia, superiora, sessilia, alte cordata, demim in bracteis cordatis integer- rimis mutata. Racemi glanduloso-pilosi, glutinosi, axillares, longè pe- dunculati, patentissimi, vel penduli, multiflori, bifidi, foliis dupld v. tripld longiores, mox in paniculam copiosam ad fastigium evanescentes. Flores subsecundi, geminati. Calyx pedicello duplo brevior, sepalis subrotundo- ovatis. Corolla flava, labiis conniventibus. A fine hardy species, newly introduced from Chile. It forms an upright, branching plant, covered with a pro- fusion of drooping racemes of delicate, pale-yellow blossoms, during all the autumn. In its own country it appears to be suffrutescent ; but with us it is better treated as an annual, turned into the open border in May, and left in the autumn to perish with others of similar habits. It will * So called from calceolus, a slipper; in allusion to the figure of the corolla, in favourable seasons produce a few seeds, with which the stock may be perpetuated; or it may be increased by dividing the roots. The accompanying figure, which represents a portion of the upper part of the stem, with one of the racemes, was taken in August 1828, in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society, where it had been raised from seeds received from Chile in 1827. Our native specimens are from Valparaiso: they accord perfectly with the plants of the Gardens, except in being rather woody at the base. Baron Humboldt found it near Quito. | J. L. 1214 P I MALE « 1215 CALCEOLARIA* ascendens. Dwarf Shrubby Lady's Slipper. DIANDRIA MONOGY NIA. Nat. ord. SCROPHULARINER. CALCEOLARIA. — Supra, vol. 9. fol. 723. C. ascendens; caule suffruticoso ascendente, foliis ovatis petiolatis rugosis denticulatis pubescentibus ; inferioribus basi acutis, caule glabro piloso, umbellis paucifloris subramosis longé pedunculatis. Caulis suffruticosus, ascendens, pedalis v. sesquipedalis, vix ramosus, glaber, pilosus. Folia utrinque pubescentia, rugosa, denticulata, nullo modo glutinosa, superiora subsessilia. Flores aurantiaci, in paniculis umbelle- Jormibus, v. potiús umbellis subpaniculatis, paucifloris, longè pedunculatis dispositi. Sepala subrotunda, tomentosa. The plant now represented belongs to a tribe of Calceo- larias, the species of which are extremely difficult to distinguish from each other. It is very different from any in our Gardens, and we believe also from any that have been described from dried specimens. In character it most nearly approaches C. integrifolia; but it is distinct from that. Cultivated in the open border, in which it succeeds perfectly during the summer; it does not grow more than a foot, or at the utmost a foot and half high, forming a neat tuft, remarkable for its deep red stems and bright deep yellow flowers. Our drawing was made in August last, in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, where it had been raised, in 1826, from seeds collected by Mr. James M‘Rae upon clayey banks in the Cordilleras. s * See fol, 1214. 1216 LUPÍNUS* ornátus. _Sky-blue Perennial Lupine. DIADELPHIA. DÉCANDRIA. Nat. ord. LEGUMINosz. LUPINUS. — Supra, vol. 13. fol. 1096. L. ornatus ; perennis, floribus verticillatis appendiculatis, calycis labio su- periore bifido: inferiore integro elongato, foliolis 7-12 lineari-lanceolatis undique argenteis sericeis, leguminibus 4-5-spermis. Douglas ined. Perennis. Radix fibrosa. Caulis 14-24-pedalis, lignosus. Folia digi- tata; foliolis 7-13, lineari-lanceolatis, utrinque sericeis, argenteis. Racemi terminales, pedales. Flores verticillati. Calyx villosus, labiis equalibus. Bractee subulate. Bracteole lineares, minute, decidue. Ale oblonge, cerulee. Vexillum latum, ovatum, ad latera reflexum, medio pallidius. Carina falcata, apice ciliata, quàm vexillum v. ale minis intense colorata. Legumen- oblongum, 4-5-spermum. Semina parva, alba, levigata. Douglas. Found by Mr. Douglas abundantly in mountain valleys, on the banks of the Spokan River, near Kettle Falls, on the river Columbia ; and also near the chain of lakes of the last-mentioned stream, in gravelly or light dry soils. It was observed in flower from June to August; and Mr. Douglas remarks that it is one of the finest of the tribe. In this we quite agree. Nothing can surpass the lovely azure blue of the flowers, or the silvery surface of the leaves. | A hardy perennial, flowering from May till the end of November; and in fact yielding to nothing but severe frost. Our drawing was made in the Garden ‘of the Horticultural Society, in which it had been raised from Mr. Douglas's seeds, in 1827. * See fol. 1198. VOL. XIV P Root fibrous. Stem 18 inches to 21 feet high, of a woody texture. Leaves digitate; leaflets 7-13, linear- lanceolate, on both sides densely covered with a shining silkiness. Racemes terminal, a foot long. Flowers whorled. Calyx nearly villous, the upper and lower lips equal; bractea subulate ; bracteole linear, minute, deciduous. Ale oblong, blue. Vexillum broadly ovate, reflected at the sides, paler in the centre. Carina falcate, ciliate at the apex, paler than the vexillum or ale. Legumen oblong, 4-5-seeded. Seeds small, white, and polished. We are obliged to Mr. Douglas for the above de- scription. N : CL Nore upon Canavalia bonariensis, fol. 1199. We are informed by Mr. Herbert, that this plant is a very hardy green- house climber, and that probably, if raised from cuttings and planted out, it will succeed in the open border during the summer. It continues in flower from June till the end of November, in the greenhouse. END OF VOLUME XIV. LONDON: J. MOYES, Toor’s COURT, CHANCERY LANE. E i E $ 8 ALPHABETICAL INDEX TO VOLUME XIV. Adenotrichia amplexicaulis...... Agave geminiflora ............ Amaryllis acuminata, var. longi- pedunculata ....oooooooo.... Amaryllis intermedia .......... Amelanchier sanguinea ........ Amygdalus communis, var. macro- WDR eres ee ee Antholyza ethiopica, var. minor .. Bauhinia cumanensis .........- Berberis repens ..........o..... Billbergia pyramidalis, var. bicolor Brodiza grandiflora...........- Brunsvigia ciliaris ......... — Calandrinia grandiflora ........ Calathea grandifolia . .......... Calceolaria ascendens . ........- Calceolaria floribunda........ «s Calochortus macrocarpus Canavalia bonariensis ........ ix Cattleya CriSpa.....o.ooooo...... Castilleja coccinea ............ Chelone nemorosa ............ Clivia nobilis ...... ieee n VA aus Collomia grandiflora .......... Collomia linearis ...... E ER Combretum comosum .......... Conanthera campanulata........ Conocephalus naucleiflorus. . . . . . Cotoneaster microphylla, var. Uva UNE I LIA reser Ed Crategus cordata... ......... Crategus heterophylla.......... Crotalaria verrucosa ........... Cytisus multiflorus ............ Daphne hybrida ........ ee ovn Delphinium Menziesii.......... Digitalis laciniata ...... Vues Diospyrus Mabola ............ Dracena surculosa .. ......... .. Eleagnus angustifolia .......... Eriophyllum cespitosum........ Eschscholtzia californica........ Eulophia ensata .............- Eutoca multiflora.............. Gaillardia aristata ....... ..... Genista procumbens .......... Gesneria macrostachya ...... T Gesheria rutila............... . Gilia capitata ........ osi avt Hamelia ventricosa ............ Hedychium coccineum ..... ... Hosta cerulea ............ Kempferia Roscoeana. ........- Lathyrus californicus .......... Linum sibiricum, var. Lewisti. ... Liparis alata ....... ‘wie aun es Lobelia longiflora ..... [ss Lonicera involucrata Lupinus laxiflorus ...........- Lupinus lepidus .............. Lupinus littoralis .............. Lupinus ornatus ...... A... Magnolia Yulan, var. Soulangiana Maxillaria ciliaris ..........-.. CEnothera pallida.............. Ophrys araneifera, var. limbata .. Orchis papilionacea............ Peonia hybrida Pentstemon diffusum ........ .. Pentstemon pulchellum .. Pholidota imbricata..........++ Polygala oppositifolia, var. major + Prunus candicans.............. Pyrus angustifolia ...........- Pyrus grandifolia............ .. Pyrus Spuria.......o.o.ooo.o.o... Renanthera coccinea .......... Sagittaria angustifolia .......... Salvia involucrata ............ eo e cordigera, var. longipe- tala ...oooooooooomoonoo..o Sinningia villosa ............-- Sophora velutina .............. Streptocarpus Rexii............ Tellima grandiflora ............ Thryallis brachystachys ...... Tillandsia acaulis ............. Tulipa Oculus solis, var. Persica . Verbena Melindres ........... . e" t n tn. ......